The Small Business Administration (SBA) violated federal law by imposing conditions for loans under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) that were not enacted in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, H.R. 748, P.L. 115-136 (CARES Act), Judge David Thuma has held.
The daily news reminds us of the growing grim economic toll wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic. As discussed in some of our prior Alerts, federal, state and local governments have adopted various measures to moderate some of these effects, including offering stimulus payments and loans, and restraining certain types of creditors’ collection activities. Despite the latter restraints, there still are some things creditors can do to try to enhance the collectability of past-due commercial payment obligations.
Communicate, communicate, communicate
The unfortunate reality of the COVID-19 pandemic is that several businesses will not be able to survive this crisis. Legal experts agree that there will be an uptick in bankruptcy filings and Congress took note. The recently enacted CARES Act expanded access to the streamlined, small business Chapter 11 bankruptcy process to more businesses by increasing the debt limits from $2.7 million to $7.5 million for one year.
Several lawsuits have emerged in the last week involving the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). “The Paycheck Protection Program is a loan designed to provide a direct incentive for small businesses to keep their workers on the payroll.”1 The listed criteria for eligibility is very broad. Companies that have 500 employees or less, pay salaries or payroll taxes and were in operation on Feb. 15, 2020, are eligible to apply.2
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COVID-19: Summary of Key Issues.................................................................................... 1
Joining three other bankruptcy courts, Judge Thuma of the District of New Mexico recently held that the rules issued by the Small Business Administration (“SBA“) that restrict bankrupt entities from participating in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP“) violated the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, H.R. 748, P.L. 115-136 (the “CARES Act”), as well as section 525(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.
Courts continue to address constitutional and statutory challenges to COVID-19-related legislation and governmental orders. Among them, courts are examining eligibility for PPP loans under the CARES Act, as well as the constitutionality of “stay at home” and similar orders restricting activities.
PPP loans under the CARES Act
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) established the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), a lending program for small businesses pursuant to which up to 100 percent of the principal loan amount is forgivable. While the PPP program has been a boon to business struggling in light of the ongoing pandemic, the SBA has sought to limit access by bankrupt borrowers, eliminating a significant number of otherwise eligible businesses and creating significant legal questions and issues.
In collaboration with our foreign law firm partners, we continue to update our chart of COVID-19 measures taken by governments around the world. Today’s update includes new information for many countries as indicated in the chart: Global Government Measures Taken in Response to COVID-19.
The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) is one of two business loan programs created under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act to assist companies by extending potentially forgivable credit to small business employers. The PPP is designed to help cover employee-related expenses and help employers avoid layoffs. The prospect of forgivable debt, coupled with relatively favorable terms, have put PPP loans in high demand and many businesses, including some which had already sought chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, have sought PPP loans.