清算退出是私募基金全生命周期的“最后一公里”，直接关系投资者本金回收、基金财产安全处置及管理人合规责任闭环。若管理人怠于履行清算义务，不仅会触发监管处罚，更可能引发投资者集体仲裁/诉讼，严重损害市场声誉。

此前，本系列指南已覆盖基金募集、投资运作、投后管理等环节的合规要点；本篇作为第四篇，将聚焦清算退出环节的高频违规场景，拆解法律风险、明确监管依据、提供可落地的自查与整改方案，为管理人合规开展清算工作提供指引。

一、私募基金管理人怠于履行清算义务

1、典型案例简介

北京中扶私募基金有限责任公司（化名，以下称“中扶公司”）系在中国基金业协会登记的股权类私募基金管理人。2018年5月，中扶公司备案“中扶3号基金”（以下称“涉案基金”），募集规模人民币5,000万元，合伙协议明确约定基金存续期为5年，其中前4年为投资期，最后1年为退出期。涉案基金备案完成后完成对2家标的企业的股权投资，并约定如被投企业未在约定时间内完成上市或并购，被投企业实控人需按“本金+年化8%收益”的价格回购涉案基金持有的股权。

The Supreme Court of New South Wales has clarified the circumstances in which a liquidator may recover deposit funds paid to a third party and the extent to which a counterparty may rely on the good-faith defence under section 588FG of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth).

Considering Company Liquidation in Poland?

１　はじめに

　会社について債権放棄を伴う私的整理や法的整理を行う 際、経営者の保証債務については経営者保証ガイドライン （以下「GL」）を利用した保証債務整理を検討するところ、保 証人である経営者が金融機関の個人ローンやクレジットカー ドローン等の個人借入を行っていたという場合があります。本 稿では、保証人個人の借入に関するGL上の取扱いをご説明 いたします1 。

２ 固有債権者のGL上の取扱い

GLにおける対象債権者とは、「中小企業に対する金融債 権を有する金融機関等であって、現に経営者に対して保証 債権を有するもの」と定められており、具体的には、金融機 関、信用保証協会、サービサー等を指します（GL1、 GLQ1-1）。固有債権者は、本来的な対象債権者ではありま せん。 しかし、GLでは固有債権についても債務整理の対象にす ることを禁止しておらず、「弁済計画の履行に重大な影響を 及ぼす恐れのある債権者については、対象債権者に含める ことができる」（GL7(3)④ロ）とされています2 。すなわち、固有 債権者の同意があれば、固有債権を含めて債務整理を行う ことができます。

３ 固有債権者との協議

It is a recurring practical issue in insolvency proceedings how the creditor may prove that an invoice was duly communicated to the debtor. In a recent decision, the Hungarian court examined if screenshots taken from an electronic invoicing system suffice to prove delivery and awareness of an invoice, in the absence of traditional postal proof. In our article we analyse the decision.

1. Facts of the case

Summary: In EPC Constructions India Ltd. v. Matix Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd., the Supreme Court addressed whether holders of non-cumulative redeemable preference shares can initiate insolvency proceedings under Section 7 of the IBC, as financial creditors. The Court held that preference shareholders are not creditors and cannot trigger insolvency proceedings, as preference shares remain part of the share capital even upon maturity, and conversion of debt into preference shares permanently extinguishes the original creditor relationship.

The hemp industry is facing a rapidly shifting regulatory landscape that could significantly alter the financial and legal viability of many businesses. In the recent episode of TaxTalk x Cannabis Quick Hits, we break down the looming regulatory overhaul, its tax and bankruptcy implications, and the restructuring options available to hemp and cannabis companies navigating financial distress.

A Major Regulatory Shift for Hemp

In Nordic Power Partners P/S & Ors v Rio Alto Energia, Empreendimentos E Participacoes LTDA & Ors [2025] EWHC 2875 (Comm), the Commercial Court reconfirmed its willingness to grant interim relief to an energy investor in the context of international projects (here related to Brazil). Specifically, this decision provides an interesting insight into steps that can be taken to prevent funds being received by a party that may soon become insolvent (which risks creditors being left without a satisfactory remedy once a dispute is resolved).

This past year has featured a diverse range of consequential, precedent-setting insolvency disputes across various industries, reflecting both the breadth of challenges facing Canadian businesses and the adaptability of Canada’s insolvency framework in resolving these issues. The most consequential decisions in which we have been involved are described below, alongside key takeaways for stakeholders participating in insolvency proceedings in 2026 and beyond.

Successful outcomes for clients seeking to obtain winding up orders against foreign companies with local agents. The case summaries below, of Re Anagram International LLC (recs and mgrs apptd) [2025] VSC 267 and the earlier matter of W Capital Advisors Pty Ltd (in its capacity as trustee for the W Capital Advisors Fund) v Mawson Infrastructure Group, Inc (NSD1395/2024), provide guidance on how parties can best position themselves for success in these circumstances.

Relevant Law