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    “无税不破”——企业破产程序中应重点关注的税务问题及应对之策
    2020-07-17

    近期,北京市税务局发布了《关于进一步推进破产便利化 优化营商环境的公告》(2020年第4号,下称“4号公告”)、上海市高级人民法院与上海市税务局印发《关于优化企业破产程序中涉税事项办理的实施意见》(沪高法〔2020〕222号,下称“222号文”),旨在明确破产程序中的涉税事项,充分发挥破产制度在规范市场主体退出方面的重要作用。

    破产是解决企业产业深层次矛盾,优化资源配置,提升企业产业质效的重要法治途径。破产程序中涉税事项的处理是重要一环,妥善处理破产事宜无法忽视涉税问题。实践中,我们作为税务律师也经常能接到破产程序中涉税事项的咨询,部分案件中涉税事项甚至成为左右破产程序能否顺利推进的重要因素,其中不乏争议的问题,部分问题可以从两份文件中找到答案或启示,我们在此结合两份文件的亮点与重点,对于破产程序中的涉税相关事项做简要梳理,并探讨合理应对之策。

    一 非正常户、发票问题的解决

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Tax, King & Wood Mallesons, Bankruptcy
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    King & Wood Mallesons
    金杜代理的三个案件入选最高人民法院院长全国人大工作报告典型案例
    2018-03-13

    3月9日,最高人民法院院长周强在第十三届全国人大一次会议第二次全体会议上作最高人民法院工作报告,重点提及25个在过去五年中具有全国代表性并深具行业参考意义的大案要案,金杜代理的 “重庆钢铁破产重整案”、“东北特钢破产重整案”和“华为诉美国交互数字公司滥用市场支配地位案” 入选报告重点典型案件。

    “东北特钢破产重整案:东北特钢重整之后两个月实现扭亏为盈,开启了民营控股的混合所有制运营新模式,为辽宁的国企改革提供了新路径。”

    东北特钢破产重整案是近年来破产重整领域内出现的债务总额最高的案件之一,受到社会各方的高度关注。重整计划综合运用留债、一次性现金清偿、债转股等手段,妥善处理了逾七百亿元的债务问题。重整期间尊重当事方的意愿,运用市场的机制和手段,通过公开、公平、公正的程序遴选了重整投资人,得到了债权人的普遍认可。该案具有诸多创新之举,在重整投资人引进、关联公司整体重整、债权清偿方案设计、债转股等方面都进行了创新,为破产重整实践、立法完善和理论研究提供了成功的案例。

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Intellectual Property, Litigation, King & Wood Mallesons, Supreme People's Court
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    King & Wood Mallesons
    孤儿SPV打包重组交易:2022年香港特别行政区及跨境市场前景
    2022-05-18

    过去数年,打包重组(Repackaging)结构盛行,中资金融机构寻求使用其作为便利进入市场的工具,并为客户提供创新的融资方案。

    中国房地产行业是最广泛使用该结构的行业之一,该行业在2021年高开低走、大起大跌,并于最后一季急挫。市场预期房地产行业在2022年仍将困难重重。

    在此背景下,我们察觉到安排人(Arranger)、中国房地产企业及投资者正在寻求对现有的打包重组交易进行结构调整(restructure)的机会(包括提前终止、展期、增加额外增信措施、置换等安排)。此外,我们还观察到,市场对与中国非房地产行业主体(如融资租赁公司、金融科技公司)相关的资产支持交易的兴趣有所增加。

    我们将于本文探讨部分有关修订或提前终止打包重组交易的主要问题,并且概述我们在市场中观察到的典型案例和未来趋势。

    温故知新:打包重组交易的基本结构

    许多较为简单的打包重组交易的结构一般具有下列特点:

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Real Estate, King & Wood Mallesons
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    King & Wood Mallesons
    衍生品及金融基础设施 | 原油暴跌,是时候了解一下强行平仓了
    2020-03-13

    受OPEC与俄罗斯减产谈判进展及后续措施影响,3月9日开市以来原油价格强劲下行,连带其他相关大宗商品价格以同样惊人的幅度大幅下跌,朋友圈纷纷感叹“活久见”。2020年初的黑天鹅接踵而至,很难判断下一站的走势到底在哪,也难判断对国内期货等金融市场的传导究竟会到何种程度。在这个价格剧烈波动的日子,人们耳边又回响起华尔街故老相传的”Bulls make money, bears make money, pigs get slaughtered” 的残酷谚语。在目前中国境内证券期货市场中,和做空手段相对有限的股票市场相比,期货市场天然的多头-空头交易机制可以更直观的展现这句话的涵义。

    1、当我们在谈论“强行平仓”和“三板强平”时,我在谈些什么?

    期货交易的亏损并不仅指强行平仓带来的损失,但是面对如此惊人的市场变化,“爆仓”、“强行平仓”和“三板强平”这类期货术语或行话还是最让人屏住呼吸的字眼。与肾上腺素飙升,杀伐决断的Trader们以及或焦虑或欣慰的相关企业的关注点不同,作为律师的我们,视线停在了这些期货术语或行话背后的基础法律关系上。从机制本身出发:

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, King & Wood Mallesons
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    King & Wood Mallesons
    公司债券司法实践常见问题三:债券兑付担保合同中的争议
    2017-07-26

    上一篇我们谈到诉讼主体的确定问题,本文将从担保的视角对债券持有人的权利救济予以分析。

    保证人单方出具《保证函》的效力

    Filed under:
    China, Arbitration & ADR, Banking, Insolvency & Restructuring, King & Wood Mallesons, Bond (finance), Collateral (finance)
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    King & Wood Mallesons
    Practising modified universalism in the Cayman Islands: from China Agrotech to Sun Cheong (Japanese) ケイマン諸島における修正された普遍主義のプラクティスーChina Agrotech から Sun Cheongへ
    2021-09-16

    はじめに

    ケイマン諸島と香港の裁判所は、この数ヶ月、ケイマン諸島の会社を再編することを目的とするクロスボーダーの申立てについて、関連する法域における裁判所がどのようにこれを処理するのか実用的な方向性を示しました。これは、国際礼譲および修正された普遍主義の原則に沿ったものです。

    裁判所のスタート地点

    手続が一つ以上のコモンローの法域で開始されたが、清算人の任命が未了の場合、裁判所が修正された普遍主義を適用するためのスタート地点は、倒産の主手続の役割を担うのはどの法域がより適当かということを考えることでしょう。最近の香港およびケイマン諸島の両地域の裁判例では、長年の先例に沿いながら、通常この法域とは会社の設立地であることを確認しました。なぜならば投資家やサービス・プロバイダーおよび債権者が通常関係しているからであり、とりわけ、会社の登録された営業所であったり、その取締役会の義務やその定款を規定する法律の地であるからです。

    Filed under:
    Cayman Islands, China, Japan, Company & Commercial, Insolvency & Restructuring, Litigation, Ogier
    Authors:
    Gemma Lardner
    Location:
    Cayman Islands, China, Japan
    Firm:
    Ogier
    China’s Suntech bankruptcy
    2013-04-01

    On March 20, Suntech, a Chinese solar manufacturing company, declared bankruptcy. Questions have arisen on how the country’s solar industry will now cope with overcapacity issues which stem from a decline in demand from Europe. The declaration comes a week after the company announced it had defaulted on $541 million of bonds.

    Filed under:
    China, Energy & Natural Resources, Insolvency & Restructuring, Mintz
    Authors:
    R. Neal Martin
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    Mintz
    Hanjin Shipping - Current jurisdictional status and options - China
    2016-10-04

    The Chinese Maritime Courts are not obliged to recognise and/or enforce foreign courts' orders, therefore Hanjin's creditors could still arrest Hanjin-related vessels in China if they have maritime claims (recognised under Chinese law) against the registered owners and/or bareboat charterers of the said vessels.

    Container leasing companies and bunker suppliers could also file applications in order to request that the corresponding Chinese Maritime Courts order Hanjin to return the leased containers to Hanjin or the bunkers supplied to Hanjin in certain circumstances.

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Litigation, Shipping & Transport, Clyde & Co LLP
    Authors:
    Ik Wei Chong
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    Clyde & Co LLP
    Validity of mortgages established on vessels owned by company in bankruptcy
    2014-05-29

    On 21 October 2013, the financially troubled company Hainan PO Shipping applied for bankruptcy and winding up before the People’s Court of Hainan Yangpu Economic & Development Zone (“Yangpu Court”). The Yangpu Court approved the application on 31 October 2013, and the Court has since nominated the administrators of Hainan PO Shipping.

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Litigation, Shipping & Transport, Clyde & Co LLP, Bankruptcy, Mortgage loan, State-owned enterprise
    Authors:
    Ik Wei Chong , Leslie Shen
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    Clyde & Co LLP
    Moral hazard hits China ‒ be prepared for the fallout
    2016-12-08

    We are seeing attempts by the Chinese Government to provide the market with more sophisticated tools for dealing with unprofitable companies.

    China is attempting to align its insolvency regime to international standards and introduce additional tools for dealing with the country's rising debt load.

    Australian lenders with exposures to these debts (particularly in the coal, steel, manufacturing, cement, shipbuilding, solar, heavy machinery, mining and property sectors) should reassess insolvency risk and understand their options.

    Filed under:
    China, Insolvency & Restructuring, Clayton Utz
    Authors:
    Nick Poole , Anthony Burke
    Location:
    China
    Firm:
    Clayton Utz

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