最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国企业破产法》若干问题的规定（一）(09/09/2011)
An insolvency administrator has been sentenced to 11 years of imprisonment for obtaining RMB1.3 million in bribes. Huang Zhicong (“Huang”), former vice-president of Building Materials Corporation in Shaoguan City of Guangdong Province, was the insolvency administrator of Shaoguan New Sunlight Textile Enterprise Co., Ltd. (“New Sunlight”).
The Judicial Committee of the Supreme People’s Court has passed a notice regarding overdue fines on unpaid taxes of a bankrupt enterprise. This came into effect on 12 July 2012.
- Background
Company A is a foreign enterprise whose business is the production of certain specialist machinery. In China, only approved entities which are on a list compiled by the department in charge are permitted to manufacture such machinery. Company B, a Chinese enterprise, is one such entity. To enter the Chinese market, company A signed a joint venture agreement with company B in 2007. Each company agreed to contribute capital to establish a joint venture to manufacture such machinery.
A mandatory bid (or a mandatory general offer obligation) ("GO Obligation") will be triggered if a controlling block in a listed company ("Controlling Block") changes hands.
The chain principle summarised
Throughout the global economic meltdown, the number of bankruptcy cases in China has risen considerably. To shed light on bankruptcy proceedings and stabilize the domestic economy, the Supreme People’s Court of the PRC issued Opinions on Several Issues Regarding the Proper Adjudication of Enterprise Bankruptcy Cases to Provide a Judicial Safeguard for Maintaining Order in the Market Economy on June 12, 2009. The Opinions direct courts at all levels to properly apply the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law (EBL) to assist insolvent enterprises, maintain market order, and stabilize the economy.
The Bankruptcy Law, applicable to FIEs and most other companies in China, will come into effect on 1 June 2007.
The Bankruptcy Law sets out a dual test of insolvency: inability to pay debts as they fall due ("cash flow insolvency") and insufficient assets to pay off all debts ("balance sheet insolvency"). Either a debtor or a creditor may apply to the court for reorganization or liquidation of the debtor. Court assistance may also be sought to conciliate.
On 27 August 2006, the PRC National People’s Congress passed a new Enterprise Insolvency Law (the “Law”) after more than a decade’s preparation and debate. The Law, which will become effective on 1 June 2007, introduces a formal insolvency process applying to a wide range of legal entities. The Law only contains general principles which in practice are unlikely to provide sufficient protection to creditors’ interests.
Scope of application
The Supreme People’s Court has begun drafting the Regulations of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Enterprises Bankruptcy Law (Tentative Name), so as to conform with the implementation of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. The regulations are meant to interpret the EnterpriseBankruptcy Law in an integrated and systematic way and guide all levels of the people’s courts in adjudicating enterprise bankruptcy cases. The regulations are in the early state of drafting.
Xi Xiaoming, the deputy president of China’s Supreme People’s Court, said that the Supreme People’s Court has formally launched efforts to formulate judicial interpretations on the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. The Court will conduct further research on several important legal issues arising from the new circumstances and problems which the courts have encountered since the introduction of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law on 1 June 2007.