De rechtbank Noord-Holland heeft recent beslist dat een moeder en zoon aansprakelijk zijn voor het boedeltekort van een failliet beleggingsfonds omdat zij hun taak als (defacto) bestuur onbehoorlijk hebben vervuld (Rechtbank Noord-Holland 8 februari 2023, ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2023:1723).

On April 19, 2023, the United States Supreme Court issued its decision in MOAC Mall Holdings LLC v. Transform Holdco LLC, in which the Court considered whether 11 U.S.C. § 363(m) is jurisdictional. A unanimous Court held that § 363(m) is not jurisdictional, determining that the language of the statute “takes as a given the exercise of judicial power over any authorization under § 363(b) or § 363(c).” This determination is based upon the requirement that for a statutory precondition to be jurisdictional, Congress must clearly state the intent.

Federal Bill C-228¹ (the Bill), new legislation intended to improve the protection of, and to extend the super-priority given to claims relating to, defined benefit pension plans in insolvency proceedings, completed third reading in the Senate on April 18, 2023 and is now awaiting Royal Assent before it becomes effective. The Bill is the result of a private members' bill, which was passed by the House of Commons in late 2022.

On April 19, 2023, the Supreme Court, in a unanimous opinion written by Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson in MOAC Mall Holdings LLC, ruled Bankruptcy Code section 363(m) to be non-jurisdictional, i.e. just a “mere restriction on the effects of a valid exercise” of judicial power “when a party successfully appeals a covered authorization.” Before MOAC, the Third, Sixth, Seventh, Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh Circuits held section 363(m) to be non-jurisdictional, but the Fifth and Second Circuits had diverged.

Reasoning

In a ruling issued just yesterday, MOAC Mall Holdings LLC v. Transform Holdco LLC et al., 598 U.S. ----, 2023 WL 2992693 (2023) (“MOAC”), the United States Supreme Court (the “Supreme Court”) held that Bankruptcy Code section 363(m) is not jurisdictional in terms of appellate review of asset sale orders, but rather, that such section only contains limitations on the relief that may be afforded on appeal. Section 363(m) of the Bankruptcy Code is often relied upon by purchasers of assets in a bankruptcy case as providing finality to any sale order.

The Law Amending the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law and Certain Laws ("Amendment Law"), known as the 7^th Judicial Package, was published in the Official Gazette (32154) dated 05 April 2023 and entered into force except for several provisions with later effective dates.

The Amendment Law sets out several changes in the fields of enforcement law, criminal law, and procedural law, and it expands the scope of mandatory mediation significantly. Some of the prominent amendments introduced by the Amendment Law are examined below:

Kamuoyunda 7. Yargı Paketi olarak anılan 7445 sayılı İcra ve İflas Kanunu ile Bazı Kanunlarda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun (“Kanun”), 5 Nisan 2023 tarihli ve 32154 sayılı Resmî Gazete’de yayımlanmış ve yürürlüğü sonraya bırakılan birtakım düzenlemeler dışında yürürlüğe girmiştir.

İcra hukuku, ceza hukuku ve usul hukukuna yönelik çeşitli düzenlemelerin yer aldığı Kanun kapsamında, dava şartı arabuluculuğun kapsamının önemli ölçüde genişletildiği görülmektedir. Kanun kapsamında ön plana çıkan düzenlemelere aşağıda yer verilmektedir.

In In re Schubert, the Sixth Circuit affirmed the bankruptcy court’s dismissal of an adversary proceeding because the appellants had failed the “person-aggrieved” test for bankruptcy appellate standing. Had they challenged this standard’s existence, two of the three judges likely would have “abrogate[d]” it; the third would have salvaged it. This decision’s dicta represents perhaps the first outright rejection of bankruptcy’s appellate standing touchstone based on the Supreme Court’s analysis in Lexmark International Inc. v. Static Control Components, Inc., 572 U.S.

Persuading a bankruptcy judge to find “excusable neglect” after missing a filing deadline is usually a tough sell. You’d think it would be particularly hard when the party seeking relief was “belligerent and disrespectful to the Court and opposing counsel.”

Introductie

In het eerste kwartaal van 2023 zijn op www.rechtspraak.nl verschillende uitspraken gepubliceerd waarin de ingestelde vordering gegrond was op bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid.

In deze Kwartaalupdate Bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid voor Q1 2023 is een selectie gemaakt uit deze uitspraken. De navolgende onderwerpen komen aan bod:

01. Feitelijk bestuurder wanneer is sprake van `terzijde stellen van het bestuur'? (Hoge Raad 24 maart 2023) 2

02. Schending boekhoudplicht, niet slechts bij ontbreken van administratie (Gerechtshof 's-Hertogenbosch 10 januari 2023)5