Europe has struggled mightily during the last several years to triage a long series of critical blows to the economies of the 28 countries that comprise the European Union, as well as the collective viability of eurozone economies. Here we provide a snapshot of some recent developments regarding insolvency, restructuring, and related issues in the EU.

A crisis far beyond anything experienced in recent memory

The way in which regulators, investors, banks and governments respond to the current sovereign debt challenges will echo for many years. Decisions made today will, for better or worse, continue to have consequences far beyond our current time horizon. Getting it right will not be easy.

European Commission Work Programme

2013 will herald some significant changes to the UK legal arena, notably in the corporate area in relation to executive remuneration and narrative reporting, in dispute resolution as the Government's reforms to the civil litigation costs and funding regime are due to be implemented and in the energy, real estate and construction areas where there are major changes to the carbon reduction commitment energy efficiency scheme, further amendments to the Community Infrastructure Levy Regulations, the introduction of the Growth and Infrastructure Bill and various amendments to the Building Regula

The financial crisis following the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the subsequent sluggish European economy have thrown a spotlight on European Union (“EU”) state aid rules and, in particular, the circumstances under which governments can and will intervene to support a firm in difficulty. This article looks beyond the banking sector and provides an overview of the rules governing state aid to all other firms in difficulty.

State Aid—The Basics

Recent Developments

Overview

The Internal Market Directorate is discussing with stakeholders whether the debt write-down or bail-in tool would help a managed reorganisation or winding down of a financial institution that faced imminent failure. This discussion takes place in the context of the ongoing work on an EU framework for managing crises in the banking sector. The debt write-down or bail-in tool would complement the special resolution powers that need to be available for authorities to stem risks to financial stability and limit the recourse to taxpayer’s money.

On 11 May 2012, the Commission announced that it has approved a 2009 restructuring plan for ING, following a General Court judgment which had partially annulled the Commission’s previous clearance decision. Therefore, the Commission has essentially confirmed its earlier decision and has decided to appeal the General Court judgment. It has also opened an in-depth State aid investigation into the subsequent amendments to the restructuring plan made by the Dutch State and ING. The Commission believes that the complexity of the issues justifies an in-depth analysis.

Following some delay, on June 6, 2012 the European Commission finally published its Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council establishing a framework for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms (so-called Crisis Management Directive¹ or CMD), which — once adopted — will apply to the 27 member states of the European Union (EU), but may also have relevance for those three contracting states of the Treaty on the European Economic Area (EEA), which are not member states of the EU.