Lexology Pro Compliancetakes a look at some of the most informative articles published on Lexology this fortnight for compliance teams to stay up-to-date, including key guidance from regulators around the world and practical tips to help businesses adapt to a new normal.
With the onset of closures and quarantines early this year due to the spread of COVID-19, businesses across the country were confronted with the issue of how to perform their contractual obligations while they were unable to operate under normal conditions (or, in some cases, unable to operate at all). In many instances, they could not.
Although COVID-19 has slowed consumer spending, the pandemic may result in retailers and brands searching for good deals, such as JC Penney. Penney’s has announced that it plans to close roughly 240 of its 846 stores permanently over the next two years as part of its turnaround starting with its recent bankruptcy filing.
What does "bankrupt" mean?
The word “bankrupt” comes from the Italian banca rotta, meaning “broken bench.” In Italy, money dealers worked from benches or tables. If a money dealer ran out of money, his bench or table was broken in half and he was out of business. The word had its French equivalent, banqueroute, and subsequently made its way into the English language as both a figure of speech and a literal definition of what happened to the affected person.
Highlights
More than a third of the world’s population is under lockdown to slow the spread of COVID-19. The virus and these responsive measures have heavily disrupted lives, communities, and healthcare systems. Many businesses have been forced to change their operations. COVID-19 is rapidly pushing companies to operate in new ways, and the resilience of systems is being tested as never before.
For months, landlords and tenants impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic have wondered whether force majeure clauses in leases would excuse a tenant's non-payment of rent. On June 3, 2020, a Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Illinois offered us an early look into how courts might interpret such clauses in the midst of the current crisis. In In re Hitz Restaurant Group, No. 20-B05012, 2020 WL 2924523 (Bankr. N.D. Ill. June 3, 2020), the Bankruptcy Court ruled that Executive Order 2020-7, the Stay-at-Home Order (the "Order") enacted by Illinois Governor, J.B.
The initial wave of post-COVID Chapter 11 business bankruptcies has revealed an increasing tendency for senior executives of financially distressed companies to award themselves substantial bonuses and similar forms of compensation immediately before placing their companies into bankruptcy. If this trend continues, it may largely nullify the efforts of Congress and the courts to rein in and strictly regulate such forms of compensation.
Ever since governors across the country implemented Stay at Home orders to slow the spread of COVID-19 by closing non-essential businesses, experts have debated whether a force majeure provision of a lease would excuse a tenant’s obligation to pay rent.
Force majeure clauses and the doctrines of impossibility and/or impracticability remain among the most-discussed legal topics of the COVID-19 pandemic. Courts across the country, finally open, are grappling with those issues and giving some insight as to how these topics may play out in future cases.