The United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York recently awarded an oversecured lender post-petition interest on the full amount of its secured claim at the default rate set forth in the lender’s contract (19%) plus compound (PIK) interest up to the aggregate rate of 25% (the maximum rate allowable under New York State usury laws). In re Urban Communicators PCS Limited Partnership, et al., 2007 Bankr. LEXIS 4062 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 12/11/07) (Gerber, B.J.).

In UPS Capital Business Credit v. Gencarelli (In re Gencarelli),1 the First Circuit Court of Appeals addressed the issue of whether a secured creditor is entitled to collect a prepayment penalty from a solvent debtor. The Court found that the secured creditor could collect the penalty, whether or not it is reasonable, so long as the penalty is enforceable under state law. The Court reasoned that any other holding would leave open the possibility that an unsecured creditor could recover more from a solvent estate than a secured creditor.

Background

In previous Alerts, we have addressed the complexities of claims in bankruptcy. Likewise, trading in claims and securities can present challenges. Difficulties have arisen in large Chapter 11 reorganizations as constituencies engaged in the Chapter 11 process, who are major players in the case, seek to trade in securities relating to that case. This Alert explores the impact that some trading activities may have on potential recoveries in the bankruptcy and the help (and impact) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Must a foreign debtor's insolvency representative obtain permission from a United States bankruptcy court before exercising the debtor's rights as shareholder to remove and replace directors and officers of a US corporation? The Bankruptcy Appellate Panel (BAP) of the Ninth Circuit recently held not, provided that the representative does not require judicial assistance to exercise these rights.1

In the chapter 1 1 cases of Adelphia Communications Corporation and its subsidiaries, Adelphia sought to assume and assign more than 2,000 franchise agreements in connection with the proposed transfer of its cable operations to affiliates of Comcast Corporation and Time Warner Cable. Numerous local franchising authorities objected, arguing, among other things, that they had a right of first refusal under the agreements, and in some cases also under a local ordinance, to purchase the franchise on substantially the same terms and conditions.

While Bankruptcy Code section 105 grants broad powers to issue injunctions, most bankruptcy courts are reluctant to enjoin litigation in other venues. A recent ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit follows this trend, reversing a preliminary injunction issued by a bankruptcy court staying arbitration proceedings between two nondebtor parties.

However, the Ninth Circuit also articulated specific standards for when such a section 105 injunction may be obtained. In re Excel Innovations, Inc., 502 F.3d 1086, 2007 WL 2555941 (9th Cir. Sept. 7, 2007).

In a recent adversary proceeding brought by a chapter 7 trustee to recharacterize a creditor’s claim from a debt claim to an equity interest, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of South Carolina denied a creditor’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim where the trustee had alleged that the lender assumed control over the corporation after the date of the credit agreement.

Principles of corporate governance that determine how a company functions outside of bankruptcy are transformed and in some cases abrogated once the company files for chapter 11 protection, when the debtor's board and management act as a "debtor-in-possession" ("DIP") that bears fiduciary obligations to the chapter 11 estate and all stakeholders involved in the bankruptcy case.

Directors and officers of troubled companies are already keenly cognizant of their potential liability for any breaches of fiduciary duty, negligence and fraud.

Centimark Corp. v. Pegnato & Pegnato Roof Mngt, Inc., Case No. 05-708 (W.D. Pa. May 6, 2008)