At the III Commercial Law Conference held on June 7, 2019, the Council of the Federal Justice approved Precedent No. 104, according to which there will be no transfer of liabilities regarding financial penalties imposed under Law No. 12.846/2013 (Clean Company Act) on the acquirer of assets when the acquisition is based on article 60 of Law No. 11,101/2005 (Brazilian Restructuring and Bankruptcy Law).

Com a derrocada da situação econômica nos dois últimos anos, o país está vivenciando uma onda sem precedentes de recuperações judiciais, tendo ganhado destaque os pedidos feitos por grandes companhias, as quais figuram como tomadoras de apólices de seguro garantia apresentadas no âmbito de processos judiciais em que são partes.

The Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest country in South America and the world’s fifth largest country, both by land mass (almost 8.6 million square kilometers) and population (more than 200 million people). It is the only lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) country in otherwise Spanish-speaking Latin America and the largest lusophone country in the world. Brazil is a member of the G20, and one of the BRICS countries, along with Russia, India, China and South Africa. The country’s Constitution serves as the foundation of the Brazilian legal framework and sets forth fundamental rights.

Actions prior to a formal proceeding

What duties do directors or officers of a company owe creditors or other third parties if the company is insolvent or in financial difficulties, or has negative net worth? Is there a standard of care towards third parties? In what circumstances can officers and directors be found civilly or criminally liable for continuing to operate a company in financial difficulties? In practice, are such liabilities commonly enforced?Actions prior to a formal proceeding

In Brazil, directors and officers do not owe any duties directly to creditors of

In the recent BVI Court of Appeal decisions of Wembley and Sutton ‘disabled’ bearer shareholders were found to have a constitutional right not to be deprived of their property without compensation.

Peter Ferrer, of the British Virgin Islands office of Harneys, reviews forum shopping, Chapter 11 protection and just and equitable winding up, with an in-depth look at the Pacific Andes saga is the practice of choosing the most favourable jurisdiction in which to bring a claim. It is often used as a pejorative – a form of jurisdictional gamesmanship – but in principle, there is nothing wrong in seeking to have a case heard in the forum which is most favourable to the client.

As annual invoices are being generated for those BVI companies that are registered in the first half of the year, it is time to start planning the liquidation of those entities that have reached the end of their life cycle, to ensure that unnecessary fees are not incurred.

In order to prevent the expense of annual 2018 government registration fees, an appointed voluntary liquidator will be required to file the final notice for a company on or before 31 May 2018. In order to meet this deadline, we recommend that the voluntary liquidation commence prior to 30 April 2018.

In the case of Delco Participation BV v Green Elite Limited [2018] the Court of Appeal considered the test for appointing liquidators to a company following an alleged loss of substratum.

The BVI Commercial Court (the Honourable Justice Davis-White QC [Ag]) has recently ordered the appointment of liquidators over Pacific Andes Enterprises (BVI) Limited, Parkmond Group Limited, and PARD Trade Limited (the “Companies”), three BVI incorporated companies forming a key part of the China Fishery Group.

The applications were unsuccessfully contested on the principal ground that the appointment of liquidators would irretrievably damage the prospects of a wider, global restructuring of the Pacific Andes Group.

Offshore security enforcement Offshore security enforcement /3 Contents 4 Introduction 5 British Virgin Islands (BVI) 8 Cayman Islands 11 Isle of Man 14 Guernsey 18 Jersey 21 Luxembourg 24 Malta 27 Mauritius 30 About us 31 Key contacts Offshore security enforcement 4\ Introduction This briefing document summarises the key issues in enforcing security in the countries listed and is a general guide. Taylor Wessing does not have offices in the jurisdictions contained in this guide, but has called on the support of the firms acknowledged at the back.