What is a debt restructuring?

The aim of any restructuring (also sometimes called a workout) is to rearrange the debtor’s financial commitments so that it is able to service its restructured debts and survive as a going concern. It is important to note that this is a consensual process and is not undertaken under the supervision of a court or other supervisory body - therefore, it is important the all creditors are involved.  

If it’s voluntary, how does it work?

Every director of an Australian company is under a legal duty to prevent the company incurring a debt when the company is insolvent (or where that debt will cause the company to become insolvent).

The Australian Securities and Investments Commission's (ASIC) new Regulatory Guide sets out four key principles which directors should follow to meet their obligation to prevent insolvent trading.

The Regulatory Guide also sets out ASIC's approach to assessing whether a director has breached their duty.

Background

On 13 October 2010 ASIC released the National Insolvent Trading Program (NITP) Report, which sets out key messages, promoting greater director responsibility by encouraging directors to remain properly and fully informed about a company’s financial affairs, and to be aware of the implications of insolvent trading; and to seek (timely) professional advice from accountants, lawyers and insolvency practitioners.

After consulting over 1500 companies displaying solvency concerns, ASIC has identified several possible insolvency indicators including:

In response to a degree of uncertainty as to a director's statutory duty to prevent insolvent trading, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) has released a consultation paper containing a number of proposals on this fundamental duty (Consultation Paper 124: Duty to prevent insolvent trading: Guide for directors). Importantly for directors, the consultation paper (which contains a draft Regulatory Guide) identifies the factors ASIC considers when deciding to commence an investigation in relation to possible insolvent trading.

On 20 June 2016, Rio de Janeiro-based Oi SA, Brazil’s fourth-largest telecom company, filed the largest judicial reorganisation petition in Brazil’s history, days after debt restructuring talks with creditors collapsed. The filing of Oi and six subsidiaries lists 65.4 billion reais (USD19.26 billion) in debt. The company has also filed for Chapter 15 protection in the U.S.  As from the date of filing the accrual of interests, penalties, monetary correction and late charges are suspended and will only become enforceable if the judicial reorganisation becomes a bankruptcy.

El 20 de junio de 2016 Oi SA, la cuarta empresa brasileña de telecomunicaciones, con sede en Río de Janeiro, presentó la solicitud de reorganización judicial más grande en la historia de Brasil, tras el colapso de negociaciones con acreedores para reestructurar deuda. La solicitud de Oi y sus seis subsidiarias comprenden en total una deuda de 65.4 billones de reales (USD19.26 billones). La empresa también solicitó la protección Chapter 15 en los EE.UU.

By now, most accountants are likely to have heard about, and perhaps have some familiarity with, the new “safe harbour” laws. But for those accountants who still feel unsure about their knowledge of these new provisions, the following article will help you get your head around what safe harbour means for your accounting practice.

How safe harbour fits into the existing law

When a lessee fails to comply with a notice to remedy a non-payment or other lease default, the lessor may be entitled to terminate the lease and retake possession of the property. This is commonly done by changing the locks.

However, a lessee who wants to save itself from being evicted can apply to court to prevent the lessor from retaking possession. In Queensland this application is made under section 124 of the Property Law Act 1974 (Qld) and is known as an application for relief against forfeiture.

When is relief against forfeiture granted?

Companies in distress often undertake a sales of assets to alleviate cash flow or debt repayment issues when other lines of credit or source of funds have been exhausted. Such decisions are not taken lightly, especially as the disposal of assets is likely to detrimentally impact the underlying business or forecasts. Ultimately creditors’ demands and survival instincts will result in action being taken however it is often too late and to the detriment of the business.

Introduction

It is common for companies in distress to undertake a sales process of assets to alleviate cash flow or debt repayment issues. Often this course of action is the last resort after all other lines of credit have been exhausted or creditors have stopped providing extended terms of trade. Companies should not take such decisions lightly, especially if the sale will impact the underlying business or forecasts. However, ultimately creditors’ demands and survival instincts result in action being taken (often too late and to the detriment of the company).