Intellectual property rights, such as copyrights, trademarks, and patents, are critical to the operation of many businesses. Often the rights to use intellectual property are dependent upon licenses granting a contractual right to the use of the intellectual property. The bankruptcy of an intellectual property licensor can substantially impact the business of the licensee and the continued right to the use of the licensed intellectual property. Similarly, a bankruptcy filing by a licensee may jeopardize important revenue streams, which a licensor of the intellectual property relies upon.
The nature of online commerce requires the collection of information from individuals to identify the parties to individual transactions, transfer funds for payment, and ensure the delivery of the goods or services being acquired. Public concern about the potential for abuse of such information by online merchants gave rise to the development of so-called "privacy policies" that provide a measure of reassurance that information collected will be protected from unauthorized use and disclosure.
In an April 24, 2007 order, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware granted certain insurers' motion for leave to pursue a coverage action against the debtor, Federal-Mogul Global, Inc., in New York state court regarding the debtor's asbestos liability. In re Federal-Mogul Global, Inc., No. 01-10578 (Bankr. D. Del. Apr. 24, 2007). The insurer had filed a declaratory judgment action in New York state court against the debtor. In response, the debtor filed an identical action in New Jersey state court.
On April 17, 2014, the United States Bankruptcy Judge Sean H. Lane issued an opinion in the Waterford Wedgwood bankruptcy discussing at length one of the defenses available to preference defendants. The opinion turns upon the scope of “ordinary business terms,” the objective prong of the ordinary course of business defense.
The last several years have seen bankruptcy filings from prominent retail chains such as Borders, Circuit City, Blockbuster, Movie Gallery and Ritz Camera. Many of these cases have resulted in liquidation. For commercial landlords, retail bankruptcy cases present a number of potentially damaging issues, including non-payment of rent, assignment of the lease to an unworthy tenant, vacant space in an otherwise popular location and going-out-of business sales.
The U.S. Bankruptcy Code provides for the appointment of a bankruptcy examiner to investigate the debtor with respect to allegations of fraud, dishonesty, incompetence, misconduct or mismanagement. The right examiner, with a clearly defined mission, will have a major influence on the bankruptcy process. The difference between a successful financial restructuring or liquidation-resulting in substantial recoveries for the key constituencies-and a time-consuming (and asset-consuming) meltdown, can depend on the approach of the examiner and the examiner's support team.
In the last several months, a number of major mass media companies have filed for chapter 11 relief, including Ion Media Networks, Sun-Times Media Group, Tribune Company, Young Broadcasting and NV Broadcasting. With the economy still struggling to recover, and asset values continuing to decline, commentators speculate that even more mass media related bankruptcies are on the horizon. Certain aspects of a mass media bankruptcy present unique challenges for the various stakeholders due to the special regulatory requirements involved.
On June 16, 2008, Justice Clarence Thomas delivered the opinion of the court in Florida Department of Revenue v. Piccadilly Cafeterias, Inc. In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court reversed the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and held that § 1146(a) provides an exemption to state stamp taxes only where a sale occurs pursuant to a plan that has been confirmed, and did not properly apply to a case where the plan was confirmed several months after the bankruptcy court approved the sale.
In an adversary proceeding brought by a liquidating company to determine the availability of coverage under the debtor's insurance policies, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware has held that the insolvency of an underlying insurer did not affect an excess carrier's obligation for claims within its own layer of coverage. In re Integrated Health Services, Inc., 2007 WL 2687593 (D. Del. Sept. 12, 2007). Although the adversary proceeding was initially filed in bankruptcy court, it was consensually withdrawn to the district court.
In the ongoing bankruptcy action involving the Congoleum Corporation (Congoleum), the bankruptcy court refused to approve a settlement and policy buyback between Congoleum and one of its insurers, ruling that the lack of creditor support for the settlement and the lack of evidence regarding the volume and type of claims covered by the settlement precluded the court's ability to approve the settlement. In re Congoleum Corporation, No. 03-51524 (Bankr. D.N.J. May 11, 2004).