We've all heard of Chapter 7 and Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, but what is Chapter 9? Chapter 9 provides a municipality protection from its creditors while it develops a plan to resolve or adjust its debts. Adjustment of a municipality's debt involves refinancing such debts to (i) extend the time to pay debt obligations or (ii) reduce the amount of interest on such obligations.

In chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, creditors and equity holders with common interests often find it advantageous to pool resources and form an ad hoc group or committee. Because the committee represents a larger amount of claims or interests, it speaks with more authority in the bankruptcy case, and the members are able to save money by sharing the cost of legal and financial advisors.

In a recent decision arising out of the Chapter 11 bankruptcy case of Global Industrial Technologies, Inc. (GIT),1 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, sitting en banc, held that insurance companies that had issued liability insurance policies to a manufacturer before its bankruptcy filing had standing to object to confirmation of the company’s Chapter 11 plan of reorganization, even though the plan had been designed to be “insurance neutral” with regard to the policies.

A recent bankruptcy case in Pennsylvania,In re Shubh Hotels Pittsburgh, LLC, 439 B.R. 637 (Bankr. W.D. Pa. 2010), held that as long as the “debtor-in-possession” exercises its sound business judgment when making its decision, the “debtor-in-possession” can enter into a new 15-year franchise agreement over the objection of the secured lender.

Under section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code, a trustee or debtor-in-possession may sell property free and clear of “any interest in such property of an entity other than the estate.” Thus, a buyer can generally acquire assets from a bankruptcy estate without subjecting itself to liability or claims based on the seller’s prior actions. InMorgan Olson, LLC v. Frederico (In re Grumman Olson Indus., Inc.), No. 02-16131, 2011 WL 766661 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y.

In general, substantive consolidation allows for the assets and liabilities of affiliated debtor entities to be consolidated and disbursed as if the assets were held and the liabilities were owed by a single legal entity. Unlike joint administration, which promotes procedural convenience and efficiency without affecting the substantive rights of creditors, substantive consolidation can force creditors of a solvent debtor to share in the debtors’ aggregate asset pool in parity with creditors of less solvent debtors.

Introduction

Judge Walsh released an amended Opinion in the NEC Holdings Corp. case on May 18, 2011. His previous opinion had an incomplete citation of 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)(2). It shows just how serious our judges are about the Bankruptcy Code.

In an effort to keep followers of this blog fully apprised of every opinion released by the Delaware Bankruptcy Court, I have linked to Judge Walsh’s newly corrected opinion here.

On April 29, 2011, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued Private Letter Ruling (“PLR”) 201117036 denying recognition of tax-exempt status under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”) to a nonprofit credit counseling agency (“CCA”) because its primary activity would have been the provision of pre-bankruptcy certification and post-bankruptcy counseling for fees.

Introduction