In a nutshell, arbitration must fulfil two main aims to be attractive to its potential users: enforceability of the award must be certain and proceedings must be efficient. In light of those aims, the year 2015 brought two major changes to arbitration proceedings in Poland. Firstly, the amendment of the Bankruptcy Law put an end to all the doubts that arose with regard to the effect of the bankruptcy proceedings of a party to an arbitration agreement on the validity of such agreement.

With the aim of pursuing its objectives of re-launching the Portuguese economy and creating employment by reducing the high level of corporate indebtedness and improving conditions for investment, in particular by eliminating or mitigating the constraints currently faced by companies in the access to the financing (own or before third parties), Portuguese Government established a new regime respecting the appropriation of the assets / rights pledged through a commercial pledge – Decree-Law 75/2017, dated June 26, an in force since July 1, 2017.

General context

The statutory regulation of cryptocurrency in Russia is yet to be made compatible with the current dynamics of digital assets.

Deposit Ins. Agency v. Leontiev, No. 17-MC-00414 (S.D.N.Y. July 23, 2018) [click for opinion]

Russia's Supreme Court guidelines reduce high net worth individuals' ("HNWIs") asset protection opportunities and potentially create risks of additional creditor claims against HNWIs after divorce and asset division between the HNWI and his/her spouse.1

In addition, these guidelines enable third parties, notably creditors of the ex-spouse, to get access to information regarding the HNWI's disputed assets. We summarize the most important points of these guidelines below.

Key developments

Russia's bankruptcy law (the Law) has been amended to expand the list of persons who may be held vicariously liable for a bankrupt's debts and clarify the grounds for such liability.1

Definition of controlling person clarified

Russia’s bankruptcy law (the Law) has been amended to expand the list of persons who may be held vicariously liable for a bankrupt’s debts and clarify the grounds for such liability.

Definition of controlling person clarified

DBI 2017 - A5 With Bleed.indd 3 20.02.2017 8:22:56 Doing Business in Russia 2017 Baker & McKenzie - CIS, Limited Moscow Office White Gardens, 10th Floor 9 Lesnaya Street Moscow 125047, Russia Telephone: +7 495 787 27 00 Fax: +7 495 787 27 01 [email protected] St. Petersburg Office BolloevCenter, 2nd Floor 4A Grivtsova Lane St.

In December 2014 Russia’s Federal Law “On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)” was  significantly amended to introduce bankruptcy of individuals and modify the  rules for bankruptcy of legal entities.  The amendments related to bankruptcy of legal entities came into effect on  29 January 2015.

Doing Business in Russia 2015 Doing Business in Russia 2015 Baker & McKenzie - CIS, Limited Moscow Office White Gardens, 10th Floor 9 Lesnaya Street Moscow 125047, Russia Telephone: +7 495 787 27 00 Fax: +7 495 787 27 01 [email protected] St. Petersburg Office BolloevCenter, 2nd Floor 4A Grivtsova Lane St.