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    英国公司破产程序及相关董事责任速览
    2020-06-04

    受疫情影响,英国越来越多的企业出现运营困难。虽然英国政府出台了多种补救措施,但仍会有很多企业将不可避免地面临破产。对因各种原因可能受到英国公司破产影响的中国公司或个人,本文将从英国破产法角度简要介绍英国公司破产程序、这些程序对于公司和普通债权人的保护,以及担任破产公司董事需要关注的问题。

    一. 公司什么时候算破产?

    英国的破产法规定主要来源于《1986年破产法》(Insolvency Act 1986)和《1986年破产规则》(Insolvency Rules 1986)。虽然《1986年破产法》没有给破产以明确的定义,但采用了"无力偿还债务"的概念。因此,在英国公司破产一般包含两种情况:一是公司没办法支付债务(现金流量破产 – Cash-flow insolvency),二是公司负债大于资产(资产负债表破产- Balance-sheet insolvency)。

    现金流量破产一般表现为公司没办法支付其现有的债务。值得注意的是,即使公司可以支付现有债务,但如果没办法支付其在不远的未来产生的债务也将被视为破产。

    Filed under:
    United Kingdom, Banking, Company & Commercial, Insolvency & Restructuring, Zhong Lun Law Firm, Bankruptcy
    Location:
    United Kingdom
    Firm:
    Zhong Lun Law Firm
    开曼PE基金的清盘
    2023-07-05

    一只基金在经历“募、投、管、退”几个阶段后,会进入其生命周期的最后一个阶段:清盘和解散,这个阶段涉及对于基金的资产的盘点、处置、分配以及一些法定的清盘和解散程序的履行。虽然在清盘阶段,需要盘点资产、处置及分配,但其实很多基金在运营过程中已经根据其合伙协议下的瀑布式分配条款向投资人完成了绝大多数分配(如下图所示),清盘很多时候仅成为一个注销基金的程序性必经环节而已。

    点击可查看大图

    有时候由于跨境重组中精简结构或者其他商业上的考虑,一些PE基金的主体也需要清盘和注销。无论是由于期限到期清盘,还是由于重组而清盘,大多数开曼PE基金会采用自愿清盘(voluntary liquidation)的方式退出,因此我们在本文中会重点介绍开曼法下豁免有限合伙的自愿清盘,也会对开曼法下的剔除(strike-off)程序在豁免有限合伙场景下的应用进行简单介绍。

    Filed under:
    Cayman Islands, China, Company & Commercial, Insolvency & Restructuring, Zhong Lun Law Firm
    Authors:
    Jane P. Yao
    Location:
    Cayman Islands, China
    Firm:
    Zhong Lun Law Firm

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