This guide introduces you to New Zealand's business and trading environment, with particular focus on legal and regulatory matters.
The Law Commission is looking into whether the regulation of trading trusts gives enough protection to creditors and beneficiaries in circumstances of insolvency.
Submissions are due on the issues paper by 2 March 2012.
What is a trading trust?
Making a payment to a creditor (in this case, the IRD) will in and of itself give that creditor priority over competing creditors. A recent Court of Appeal judgment to that effect, under section 95 of the Personal Property Securities Act (PPSA), carries serious implications for receivers.1
In Aotearoa Kiwifruit Export Limited v ANZ National Bank Limited, the High Court was required to examine the difficulties that arise when a director of a company ordered into liquidation disputes that order.
Official Assignee v Mayers and Ors concerns the common practice of forgiveness of debt owed by a family trust and the consequences of such a gifting programme in the event of the bankruptcy of the lender.
In Sea Management Singapore Pte Ltd v Professional Service Brokers Ltd, SEA, a 50% shareholder in PSB, applied to put PSB into liquidation due to the irreconcilable deadlock SEA claimed existed at both board and shareholder levels over the direction of Conexa, a PSB subsidiary. Associate Judge Bell dismissed the application, holding that it was not just and equitable to order liquidation when a reasonable option existed in the constitution, or under the shareholders' agreement.
In Wilson v APG Holdings Ltd (In Liquidation), Mrs Rita Wilson (Mrs W) received amounts totalling approximately $1m from APG Holdings Limited (in liquidation) (APG) of which her husband, Mr Terry Wilson (Mr W), was a director. In a defence against a summary judgment application, Mrs W argued in the HC that the amounts in question were payments of Mr W's salary from APG, that she had not borrowed any money from APG and that the payments did not fall within the scope of section 298(2) of the Companies Act 1993 (CA 93).
This case involved a claim under section 294 of the Companies Act 1993 by the liquidators of Five Star Finance Limited (in liquidation) (FSF) against a trustee of a trading trust (Bowden No. 14 Trust (Trust)) to set aside payments amounting to $928,937.79. These payments were part of a large number of payments, not just from FSF to the Trust, but also from the Trust to FSF.
This appeal to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom arose out of the insolvency and administration of the Lehman Brothers Group of companies. Lehman Brothers International (Europe) (LBIE) was the principal European trading company in the group, and was authorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSA) prior to being put into administration in 2008. This appeal (one of many involving the group) related to the provisions of the Clients' Assets Sourcebook issued by the FSA (CASS) that govern the basis on which client money is required to be held by regulated ent
Recently a number of businesses that were acquired in the relatively heady pre-GFC days have needed to take action to restructure their equity and debt. Often the businesses have been carrying a significant debt burden from the acquisition. Compounding this, the value of the business may have been eroded to a level that is less than the value of the debt, possibly because of operating results having deteriorated and/or the valuation multiples attributed to the business having shortened.