Congress enacted amendments to the United States Bankruptcy Code in 2005 designed to increase certainty in the marketplace for mortgage loan repurchase agreements and other financial contracts.1 The contours – and limits – of these amendments were recently explored by the Delaware bankruptcy court in Calyon New York Branch v. American Home Mortgage Corp.
Courts faced with the task of unraveling the results of the recent credit crisis are being called upon to scrutinize lending agreements—many of which are complex and often previously uninterpreted. The review of these agreements is a reminder to signatory parties of the importance of fully understanding their obligations upfront.
In a decision issued on June 26, 2008, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals held that the earmarking doctrine does not provide a refuge for late-perfecting secured creditors and thus does not shield the creditor from preference exposure in a subsequently filed bankruptcy case.Lee v. Shapiro.
On September 15, 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (“LBHI”) filed for protection under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in New York. The case bears the caption In re Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc., Case No. 08-13555, and has been assigned to Judge James M. Peck. Notably, the only Lehman entity thus far to file for chapter 11 protection is LBHI; neither the main “broker dealer” (Lehman Brothers, Inc.) nor other subsidiaries of Lehman filed for U.S. bankruptcy protection. However, Lehman Brothers Japan Inc. and Lehman Brothers Holdings Japan Inc.
In the biggest bank receivership in the history of the United States, the Office of Thrift Supervision seized Washington Mutual Bank on September 25 and appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as receiver. While details are still emerging, it is at least clear that all deposits were transferred to JPMorgan, as were all loans and Qualified Financial Contracts, which include swaps, options, futures, forwards, repurchase agreements and any other Qualified Financial Contract as defined in 12 U.S.C. Section 1821(e)(8)(D).
Yesterday, Treasury released its most recent completed transactions report for the period ending December 10, 2009.
Many companies secured their financing several years ago when the credit market featured advantageous pricing and loose loan covenants. Because these favorable terms would be impossible for borrowers to obtain in today’s lending environment, many viable companies with highly leveraged capital structures are looking for strategies to remove debt and, at the same time, to preserve, or “reinstate,” the favorable financing deals they secured before the markets crashed.
On Sunday, Citadel Broadcasting, the nation’s third largest radio station operator, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after reaching a pre-negotiated restructuring agreement with creditors that hold 60% of the company’s secured debt. Citadel owns and operates 224 AM and FM radio stations that include KABC-AM in Los Angeles, WLS-AM in Chicago, and WPLJ-FM in New York City. New York’s WABC-AM, which is owned by Citadel, is the home of ABC Radio News and also hosts several syndicated radio personalities, including Don Imus and Rush Limbaugh. In documents filed with the U.S.
Today, Washington Mutual, Inc. (WMI) announced a Global Settlement Agreement with J.P. Morgan Chase and the FDIC. Under the agreement, J.P. Morgan Chase will give WMI over $4 billion in WMI deposits in its former failed bank subsidiaries in exchange for over $6 billion in other assets. Also, the three parties will split two potential tax refunds worth a total of $5.6 billion.
When creditors succeed in obtaining an order for relief in an involuntary Chapter 11 case and the appointment of a Chapter 11 trustee, who controls the appeals for those orders? According to an April 28, 2011 order of the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada, the correct answer is the Chapter 11 trustee.