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简介

法院最近在 Re FDG Electric Vehicles Limited [2020] HKCFI 2931 一案中裁定,即使在外地进 行的临时清盘获香港法院承认,在香港进行的法律程序也不会自动搁置。

在本案中,五龙电动车(集团)有限公司(「该公司」)在其成立地点百慕达被颁令临时清 盘,其共同及各别临时清盘人(「临时清盘人」)向香港法院申请颁令承认及协助。法院须审 理以下两个争论点:

  1. 该命令是否应给予临时清盘人权力,以控制该公司直接及间接拥有的所有附属公司?
  2. 如应搁置在香港现有或预期针对该公司的法律程序,则应如何搁置? 

外国清盘人的权力范围 

如法院承认外国的公司清盘程序,法院可准许外国清盘人接管该公司在香港的资产,包括(如 适用)在香港成立的公司的股份.

As reported earlier, a new corporate restructuring law will be enacted in Germany. The new law's centerpiece will be the so-called stabilization and restructuring framework ("SRF"). The German Parliament (the Bundestag) passed the law on 17 December 2020. On 18 December 2020 the law was also accepted by the Federal Council (the Bundesrat). It will come into force on 1 January 2021, already.

Wie bereits berichtet erhält Deutschland ein neues Restrukturierungsrecht für Unternehmen, dessen Herzstück der sogenannte Stabilisierungs- und Restrukturierungsrahmen („SRR“) ist. Der Bundestag hat das entsprechende Gesetz am 17. Dezember 2020 verabschiedet. Am 18. Dezember 2020 wurde das Gesetz auch durch den Bundesrat gebilligt. Es wird bereits am 1. Januar 2021 in Kraft treten.

We are delighted to share with you our Financial Institutions Horizons 2021, which provides a snapshot of key legal topics and market trends across the globe, shaping the future of the financial institutions market.

In a not unexpected move with restrictions on the general public expected to remain well into the New Year the Government has extended the protections for commercial tenants and the restrictions on filing statutory demands and winding up petitions for COVID-19 related debts until the end of March 2021. The Government's announcement referred to these being the "final extensions".

简介

2020 年 11 月 12 日,破产管理署发出 2020 年第 2 号通告,当中载列关于临时清盘人或清盘 人向破产管理署署长提交表格 D1 及 D2 的经修订安排(「通告」)。临时清盘人/清盘人 (统称「清盘人」)如知悉董事有任何不当行为操守,须向破产管理署署长提交法定表格 D1。通告将于 2020 年 12 月 1 日生效。 

现有安排

如无力偿债公司的清盘人认为现任或前任董事的行为操守(不论单独观之或连同其作为任何其 他公司的董事的行为操守观之)使该人不适宜关涉公司的管理,则须填妥香港法例第 32J 章 《公司(董事行为操守报告)规例》附表内的表格 D1,向破产管理署署长报告有关事宜。

破产管理署署长在收到上述报告后,如信纳符合公众利益,可根据香港法例第 32 章《公司 (清盘及杂项条文)条例》第 168I 条向法院申请针对任何现时或曾经出任无力偿债公司董事 的人士发出取消资格令。 

清盘人如认为前任或现任董事的行为操守不适宜公司的管理,即可援引报告规定。该规定同样 适用于公司成员自动清盘的情况。

新安排

In another groundbreaking decision, the Hong Kong court in Re Ando Credit Ltd [2020] HKCFI 2775, has appointed provisional liquidators over a Hong Kong-incorporated investment manager for the express purpose of allowing the liquidators to seek recognition in the Mainland. The judgment is the latest in a series of judgments facilitating cross-border recognition and enforcement of assets and takes the degree of potential cooperation envisaged to a new level.

Application unopposed

一直以来,香港的公司清盘制度均欠缺法定企业拯救程序,因此,陷入财政困难的公司只能透 过以下途径拯救其业务:(i) 与主要债权人透过非法定途径就重组债务达成共识,或 (ii) 根据香 港法例第 622 章《公司条例》进行债务偿还安排计划。然而,上述两个途径均有很多问题,例 如费用高昂、不切实际、欠缺弹性和繁琐费时。

今年较早时候,香港政府宣布重启企业拯救条例草案,在香港推行(其中包括)法定的企业拯 救程序。《公司(企业拯救)条例草案》(「条例草案」)旨在与国际惯例及标准接轨。下文 将概述最新的立法建议。

发起临时监管

根据条例草案,已经或很大机会变为无力偿债的公司,可以发起企业拯救程序,委任一名独立 的第三方专业人士(必须为注册会计师或律师)为临时监管人。临时监管人会在暂止期(亦称 为临时监管期,建议为期 45 个办公日)内担任公司的代理人。在暂止期内,公司将以持续经 营形式继续经营下去,而临时监管人会订定拯救方案(称为「自愿偿债安排」),在临时监管 期结束后的债权人会议上审议。债权人将藉由决议案决定是否批准自愿偿债安排建议;如获批 准,自愿偿债安排将由临时监管人监管实施。

法定暂止期

On 26 November 2020, the Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (Coronavirus) (Suspension of Liability for Wrongful Trading and Extension of the Relevant Period) Regulations 2020 (the “Regulations”) came into force. As well as extending to 31 March 2021 the “relevant period” for certain temporary modifications to the holding of company meetings, the Regulations reintroduce the suspension of the liability for wrongful trading.

Recent missed payments by companies including by one of China's largest coal companies, Yongcheng Coal and Electricity Holding Group, based in Henan, have shaken investors' faith that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) enjoy implicit backing from the authorities, irrespective of their underlying performance. As corporates issue new bonds to pay off old debts as they fall due, thereby 'kicking the can down the road' it is feared that more defaults could follow. Yields on some bonds are reported to have risen to 34 percent, an indicator of the perceived increased risk.