On 19 December 2018, the Council of the EU and the Parliament reached an agreement on the proposal for a directive on "preventive restructuring frameworks, second chance and measures to increase the efficiency of restructuring, insolvency and discharge procedures". The main objective of the directive is to enhance the rescue culture across EU.

Over the past few years, the Belgian legislature has consolidated various pieces of legislation regulating businesses into a single instrument: the Code of Economic Law (Wetboek van economisch recht/ Code de droit économique). Insolvency law has not escaped this trend. In the summer of 2017, the Belgian Parliament enacted Book XX of the Code of Economic Law, entitled "Insolvency of Undertakings" (hereinafter the "Insolvency Code").

On February 22 2018 the Supreme Court delivered an important judgment regarding the relationship between:

• privileged creditors in the framework of reorganisation proceedings; and
• secured creditors in the event of a subsequent bankruptcy.

Privileged claims

As from 1 May 2018, a comprehensive reform of the Belgian insolvency framework entered into force. The old framework consisted of two separate laws governing respectively bankruptcy and judicial reorganization. The new legal framework incorporates both regimes in Book XX of the Belgian Code of Economic Law.

Innovations

The work of art as a security in Belgian law

La nouvelle loi sur l'insolvabilité est entrée en vigueur ce 1er mai 2018. La loi sur la continuité des entreprises (LCE), en tant que loi distincte, telle qu’elle existait jusqu’à récemment, a cessé d'exister et a été révisée et pleinement intégrée dans le livre XX CDE.

Op 1 mei 2018 is de nieuwe insolventiewetgeving in werking getreden. De Wet Continuïteit Ondernemingen (WCO) is als aparte wet opgeheven wordt onder gewijzigde vorm volledig geïntegreerd in Boek XX WER.

In Deel I van deze reeks werd de wijziging van het insolventierecht in het algemeen toegelicht.

Introduction

As of 17 April 2017, the creditors of a company that has been declared bankrupt must electronically file their declaration of debt using the Central Solvency Register (Regsol).

In the framework of the reform of insolvency law that entered into force on 1 May 2018, the legislator has introduced important amendments regarding the liability of the directors in case of bankruptcy. These amended liability rules apply to directors of companies and not to physical persons who operate without a corporate structure.

1. Liability claim for apparent gross fault

Dans le cadre de la réforme du droit de l’insolvabilité qui est entrée en vigueur le 1er mai 2018, le législateur a opéré plusieurs modifications importantes concernant la responsabilité des administrateurs en cas de faillite. Les règles de responsabilité révisées valent pour les administrateurs de sociétés et non pour les personnes physiques qui bien qu’étant des entreprises, n’ont pas la structure d’une société.

1. Action en responsabilité pour faute grave et caractérisée