Introduction

In the current economic crisis, an increasing number of companies are facing financial difficulties and potential insolvency. Unsurprisingly, at such times, tax issues can often be overlooked. This can lead to potential tax risks, lost opportunities and a failure to maximise assets. Correct planning can make a significant difference to the potential tax liabilities and maximisation of tax assets of a company or a group that is facing insolvency.

The UK generally distinguishes between “loan relationship” debts (e.g. loan receivables) and other debts (e.g. trading debt in respect of outstanding consideration for the sale of goods or services). It is possible to turn a trading debt into a loan relationship by issue of a debenture in respect of it.

Tax treatment in the hands of the creditor

On 4 March 2009, the Office of Public Sector Information published the Bank Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2009 (the Rules) and accompanying explanatory memorandum. The Rules came into force on 25 February 2009 and give effect in England and Wales to the new bank insolvency procedure under Part 2 of the Banking Act 2009.

Treasury has published two orders made under the Insolvency Act 1986 and the Banking Act 2009. The orders are:  

A “pre-packaged sale”, or “pre-pack”, is an arrangement under which the sale of all or part of a company’s business or assets is negotiated with a purchaser prior to the appointment of an administrator, and effected shortly (perhaps immediately) after appointment. The administrator effects the sale without the business being offered to the open market.

For debtors with limited liabilities, little surplus income and minimal gross assets, the new Debt Relief Order (DRO) is a further tool to consider in managing their debts. DROs, which came into force on 6 April 2009, are aimed at those who find they are unable to pay off their debts within a reasonable time but for whom other forms of debt relief, such as bankruptcy or Individual Voluntary Arrangements, are unavailable, or perhaps unaffordable.

What are the criteria for a DRO?

A DRO can be applied for where the debtor:

On 22nd April 2009, some significant changes to debt recovery legislation are due to come into force, affecting the procedures relating to inhibitions in Scotland. The provisions are a further step in the implementation of changes which are designed to make the debt recovery process more 'user friendly'. Part 5 of the Bankruptcy and Diligence etc (Scotland) Act 2007 brings about the following changes/clarifications:

Treasury has made a new set of Financial Markets and Insolvency Regulations that change the insolvency regime that applies to RIEs and RCHs. The Regulations amend several existing pieces of legislation including Part VII Companies Act 1989 and the 1991 Regulations. The changes include:  

The 22nd of April 2009 brings in significant changes to rules relating to arrestment and actions of furthcoming. The Bankruptcy and Diligence etc (Scotland) Act 2007 (Commencement No. 4, Savings and Transitionals) Order 2009 brings into force Section 10 of the 2007 Act which inserts Part 3A into the Debtors (Scotland) Act 1987. The provisions coming into effect include:

The Chancellor’s Budget Report on 22 April included the following statement:

‘The Government will work to ensure that the regulations and procedures for dealing with troubled companies work to facilitate company rescues whenever they are appropriate, that the maximum economic value is rescued from companies that get into difficulties, and that the knock-on effects of company insolvencies on their creditors are minimised. Budget 2009 announces that the Insolvency Service will consult on: