着全球经济陷入低迷，企业无力偿债的迹象开始浮现。事实上，我们看到香港法院处理的强制清盘申请数目正在增加。

若您是债权人一方，当您的债务人无法还款时，很自然地您会考虑应采取哪些行动。如果债务人是离岸公司，情况或会变得复杂。近期有数宗个案涉及在香港联交所上市的公司，其注册地位于其他司法管辖区，而资产和主要业务则位于中国內地。这些个案显示，债权人在处理拥有类似分层架构的公司时需要考虑一些重要问题。这份客户简报就这些问题和应考虑的事项进行讨论。

将一家公司清盘

如您的债务人无法还款，您会开始考虑各种选项，而选项之一可能是将该公司清盘。然而，在展开有关行动前，您应该先评估一些事项。

在香港进行清盘

债务人能否就债务提出有实质理由的争辩？

在对债务人公司进行清盘时，您会以债务人无力偿还债务作为理由1，而常见用以支持这个理由的依据是债务人在收到法定要求偿债书后三个星期内仍未能清偿债务。

The recent restructuring of the Norwegian Group by the Irish High Court helpfully clarifies the application of the Cape Town Convention in Irish restructuring. It is also an interesting case study regarding the circumstances in which the Irish courts will restructure a group of companies, which is not headquartered in Ireland.

This article deals with the insolvency concept of the center of main interests (COMI) under the European Union insolvency legislation, in particular Regulation 2015/848 on insolvency proceedings (the Insolvency Regulation or the Regulation).

Pursuant to the Insolvency Regulation COMI is one of the central unified and autonomous concepts¹ of the insolvent debtor, i.e. it is an insolvency concept and not a corporate law or tax concept.

Code of Civil Procedure (hereinafter referred as the “Code”) stipulates that, “where a provisional attachment order ("PAO") is revoked either by reason of being improper ab initio or by reason of the provisions of Paragraph 4 of Article 529 or Paragraph 3 of Article 530, the creditor shall compensate the debtor for any losses incurred from the PAO or the provision of countersecurity.” Also, according to Paragraph 3, Article 530 of the same Code, "the creditor may move for revocation of the PAO.” There have been different opinions in the judicial practice on whether the creditor moving for r

This case is significant as it involved the appointment of an Examiner to Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA (NAS) a company incorporated in Norway with its centre of main interests in Norway rather than Ireland.

The Norwegian Air Group comprised 65 companies and the protection of the Court was sought in respect of 5 Irish incorporated companies (the Petitioners) and NAS the ultimate parent company in the Group.

Introduction

Hoy ms que nunca, los gobiernos deben apoyar a los empresarios con un marco regulatorio adecuado para poder hacer negocios y generar bienestar en las comunidades donde operan.

Una buena ley de insolvencia, especialmente en estos tiempos de crisis econmica, se vuelve una herramienta necesaria para los deudores y acreedores en general. En Guatemala existe una propuesta de ley, sin embargo, an no ha sido promulgada dicha normativa. El gobierno actual est empujando para que esto suceda prontamente, promoviendo la discusin y anlisis de dicha normativa.

The input of independent expert evidence has become increasingly critical to successful restructuring, with spring 2021 seeing yet more changes and now compulsory expert input. From 30 April 2021 it is now a requirement to obtain a report from an independent evaluator in certain pre-pack administrations. May 2021 saw several significant court decisions with New Look and Regis concerned CVAs and Virgin Active concerned a restructuring plan. All three judgments highlighted the need for independent expert input in formulating the restructuring plans.

The ruling confirmed that Section 423 of the Insolvency Act 1986 has extensive international reach, and does not require a transaction at an undervalue to leave the debtor with insufficient assets.

Background

Earlier this month, judgments were handed down in the landlord challenges to two Company Voluntary Arrangements ("CVAs"), New Look and Regis. The challenge to the New Look CVA was unsuccessful, although permission to appeal to the Court of Appeal has been given. Whilst the Regis challenge lead to the revocation of the CVA, the majority of the landlords' arguments failed. These judgments provide important guidance on the use of landlord CVAs and their terms.