The Limitation Act 1980 prescribes various periods of time in which a claim must be brought. In the event that this is not undertaken within the specified period, the cause of action will be statute barred and as such unenforceable.

In the case of a simple contract, the period is six years and in general begins to run from the date on which the cause of action accrued. In order to 'stop the clock', proceedings (a claim) will have to be brought.

When a company goes into administration, time does not stop running against its creditors' claims for the purposes of the Limitation Act 1980. This is different to where a company goes into liquidation as time does then stop running. The effect there is that the claim stays live whereas in an administration, once the limitation period has expired, the claim is time-barred.

The Office of Fair Trading ("OFT") has announced that it will conduct a review of the corporate insolvency market in the UK. Its aim is to assess the level of competition in the UK market and ensure that the market itself is working well for consumers.

Following concerns expressed by the Insolvency Service and reports showing that corporate insolvency costs are higher in the UK than other European countries, the Office of Fair Trading (“OFT”) has announced that it will conduct a market study into the UK corporate insolvency market. The study will also look into the process for appointing insolvency practitioners. The OFT will be contacting key players in the market directly, and other interested parties are invited to make submissions.

Market studies

In William Hare Ltd v Shepherd Construction Ltd, the judgment of which can be accessed here, the consequences of an anachronistic piece of contract drafting cost the losing party over £1 million. The issue here was whether or not the contractor under a building sub-contract could successfully pass the risk of the employer’s insolvency onto its sub-contractor by means of what is commonly known as a “pay when paid” clause.

A pre-packaged business sale (or “pre-pack”) is an arrangement under which the sale of a company’s business or assets is agreed in principle with a buyer prior to the appointment of an insolvency practitioner (most commonly an administrator), who then executes the sale shortly after his or her appointment.

"Leaving the mice in charge of the cheese..." is how one commentator described the now far from unusual phenomenon of the pre-pack administration sale. But what is meant by a "pre-pack"; are they lawful and what is the legitimate area for concern? While they were fairly uncommon in the past, pre-packs now seem to have become all the rage. Why? What scope is there for challenge or review if abuse is suspected?

What is a "pre-pack"?

With the economy in poor shape and personal debt still at high levels, the outlook is less than rosy for people who are facing insolvency. Even after the changes made by the Enterprise Act 2002, bankruptcy is still a difficult experience. This is especially true where the family home is the main asset of the bankrupt’s estate.

The trustee in bankruptcy will normally seek a possession order over the property so that it can be sold to satisfy the claims of creditors.

When deciding whether the possession order is to be granted, the court is obliged to consider:

One of the significant changes to distributions in insolvency made by the Enterprise Act 2002 was the abolition of the preferential status of debts owed to the Crown and the introduction of a provision for the creation of a ‘ring-fenced fund’ (also known as the “prescribed part”, an amount currently capped at £600,000) from the proceeds of floating charges created after 15 September 2003 to be applied in distribution to unsecured creditors.

It is clear from the recent collapse of Bear Stearns that the real impact of the credit crunch is now being felt. With this in mind, how can landlords and tenants of commercial properties prepare themselves for a potential rise in the number of corporate insolvencies?

Landlords’ remedies – think outside the box

The landlord of a commercial property faced with an insolvent tenant will usually have two concerns: