First in a Series of Articles on Bankruptcy Issues
For many investors, business bankruptcy is a mysterious black box that chews up investor and creditor value and then spits out assets or, occasionally, a reorganized operating company. In this series of articles, we are going to open up that box and shed some light on the processes of bankruptcy. After all, you never know what business will file next. It is best to have some understanding of the nature of the game – and to be as well-armed as possible.
It’s that time of year again! The bankruptcy courts’ new rules, fees, and forms come into effect today. Just like news outlets this time of year summarize where you can find the best online deals, we thought we’d take the opportunity to review this year’s bankruptcy-related amendments. Consult your local listings bankruptcy rules, statutes and forms for more detail.
Rule Amendments
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Almost every year, changes are made to the set of rules that govern how bankruptcy cases are managed — the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. The changes address issues identified by an Advisory Committee made up of federal judges, bankruptcy attorneys, and others.
In In re Crumbs Bake Shop, Inc., No. 14-24287 (Bankr. D.N.J., Oct. 31, 2014), Judge Michael B. Kaplan of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey held that trademark licenses may be entitled, under a bankruptcy court's equitable powers, to the protections of Section 365(n) of the United States Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq.
In re SR Real Estate Holdings, LLC, 506 B.R. 121 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 2014) –
A group of lenders moved to dismiss the debtor’s bankruptcy case on the basis that it was filed in bad faith, or in the alternative asked the court to find that the debtor was a “single asset real estate” and then to grant the lenders relief from the automatic stay.
On November 7, 2014, Judge Steven Rhodes, the judge presiding over the City of Detroit's bankruptcy case, announced that he would confirm the City's proposed Plan of Adjustment (the "Plan"), including the creditor settlements contained within that Plan. A more detailed written opinion will follow, but the opinion read from the bench on November 7, together with an earlier opinion in this case, are among the most important precedents in U.S. municipal bankruptcy law.
Sophisticated distressed investors know the benefits of acquiring assets through a § 363 sale in a bankruptcy case. The primary benefit, of course, is acquiring assets free and clear of pre-existing liens, claims and interests. There are some occasions, however, where it is not practical for a buyer to request that a sale be run through a bankruptcy process, especially when the value of the assets and/or a sharp decline in the assets’ value does not justify the time and expense associated with a chapter 11 filing.
The Bankruptcy Code definition of “intellectual property” does not explicitly include “trademarks.”1 This has led to trademark licensees losing their rights to use the trademark upon rejection of the license in bankruptcy.
United States Bankruptcy Courts, particularly in New York and Delaware, are already a destination for multinational corporate bankruptcy filings, but a recent study co-authored by Stephen J. Lubben, a Seton Hall Law School professor and frequent contributor to The New York Times’ DealBook blog, suggests that the current volume of foreign debtors filing in the U.S.