简介

英国最高法院最近在BTI 2014 LLC v Sequana S.A. [2022] UKSC 25一案中颁下了重要裁决，其重要之处在于最高法院深入探讨了董事考虑债权人权益的责任，是只需出现真正的无力偿债风险便已触发，还是在相当可能或濒临无力偿债时才触发。

背景

本案的第二及第三答辩人为AWA公司（「该公司」）的董事。于2009年5月，他们安排该公司向该公司唯一股东（「第一答辩人」）派发1.35亿欧元的股息（「该股息」），以抵销第一答辩人结欠该公司的债务。该公司在支付该股息时，其资产负债表及现金流均处于具偿债能力的状况。然而，该公司有一项与污染相关而金额未定的长期或然负债，导致该公司产生未来可能无力偿债的真正风险。

On 11 November 2022, Mr Justice Kawaley ordered the first appointment of restructuring officers inRe Oriente Group Limited (FSD 231 of 2022) under the new Cayman Islands restructuring regime, with reserved written reasons to follow. We provide a brief update on some of the key takeaways from the hearing below.

As a service to our clients, we have prepared this compendium of the Insolvency Act, 2003 together with related regulations and rules, incorporating all amendments to date.

This version of the compendium takes into account changes and updates to the legislation as set out in the recent revisions.

Due to the recent challenging economic environment, the law’s treatment of creditors’ interests in a restructuring or insolvency has been a hot topic. From a creditor’s perspective, its objective will be straightforward: to maximize its recovery as soon as possible when its interests are put at risk by financial challenges facing the debtor. From a shareholder’s perspective, its agenda will generally be quite different: to achieve certainty and stability through a debt restructuring so that the company can stay afloat and carry on business without the risk of a winding up order.

With a marked increase in large-scale cross-border insolvency and restructuring proceedings in the Cayman Islands and elsewhere, there is a greater focus on principles of comity and co-operation between courts and collaboration between officeholders.

引言

英国终审法院最近就 BTI 2014 LLC 诉 Sequana SA 及其他 [2022 UKSC 25] 一案（“Sequana 案”）颁布一份万众期待的判决。Sequana 案的法理将于开曼群岛以至其他普通法司法管辖权区成为极具说服力的法律根据。

Sequana 案是一项有用的判决，原因如下：

• 该案不但确认董事对股东负有受信责任而须真诚以公司最佳利益行事的传统观点，同时指出董事于公司无力偿债或濒临无力偿债或可能进行无力偿债清盘或管理时，须考虑债权人利益或以其行事（“债权人利益责任”）。
• Sequana 为英国终审法院审理的首宗案件裁定董事于哪些情况下必须考虑公司债权人利益，不论债权人利益责任可否于公司无力偿债前触发，以及股东可否认可对债权人利益责任的潜在违反。

背景

The United Kingdom Supreme Court (the “UKSC”) recently delivered its eagerly anticipated judgment in BTI 2014 LLC v Sequana SA and others[2022 UKSC 25] (“Sequana”). The reasoning in Sequanawill be highly persuasive in the Cayman Islands, as well as other common law jurisdictions.

Sequana is a helpful decision for at least the following reasons:

On 5 October 2022 the UK Supreme Court (UKSC) handed down its “momentous” decision in BTI 2014 LLC v Sequana SA and others¹. The case addresses issues of ‘‘considerable practical importance to the management of companies’’, in particular directors’ duties during insolvency or the onset of insolvency.

简介

在香港，公司可透过自愿或强制清盘方式进行清盘。在债权人自愿清盘中，债权人有权监督及参与清盘过程，包括委任清盘人。然而，债权人之间可能会出现争议，而部分债权人可能希望清盘程序在法院批准下进行。最近在Re Samwell Spare Parts Limited (In Creditors’ Voluntary Liquidation) [2022] HKCFI 2851一案中，法院再次探讨关于将自愿清盘转为强制清盘的法律原则。

案情

迅泽航空备件有限公司（「该公司」）因为一项局部仲裁裁决而结欠Airbus Helicopters China HK Limited（「呈请人」）一笔重大债务。该公司通过一项特别决议案，以债权人自愿清盘方式将该公司清盘。于债权人会议举行时，另一阵营占债务总额超过50% 的关连债权人（「关连债权人」）委任了他们选择的清盘人（「清盘人」）。

簡介

在香港，公司可透過自願或強制清盤方式進行清盤。在債權人自願清盤中，債權人有權監督及參與清盤過程，包括委任清盤人。然而，債權人之間可能會出現爭議，而部分債權人可能希望清盤程序在法院批准下進行。最近在Re Samwell Spare Parts Limited (In Creditors’ Voluntary Liquidation) [2022] HKCFI 2851一案中，法院再次探討關於將自願清盤轉為強制清盤的法律原則。

案情

迅澤航空備件有限公司（「該公司」）因為一項局部仲裁裁決而結欠Airbus Helicopters China HK Limited（「呈請人」）一筆重大債務。該公司通過一項特別決議案，以債權人自願清盤方式將該公司清盤。於債權人會議舉行時，另一陣營佔債務總額超過50% 的關連債權人（「關連債權人」）委任了他們選擇的清盤人（「清盤人」）。