Shareholders often overlook the need to properly document loan advances in their haste to provide funds to the company, without being aware of the significant consequences that can result.

The Take-Away

Missing the limitations period for bringing a court action to recover a debt does not extinguish other legal rights and remedies in respect of that debt, such as bringing an application for bankruptcy or proving a claim in a bankruptcy estate.

The Case

In the recent decision of Frank v. Farlie, Turner & Co., LLC, 2011 ONSC 5519, Mr. Justice Perell of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice found, among other things, that punitive damages are not available under Part XXIII.1 of the Ontario Securities Act as such damages are inconsistent with the scheme and purpose of Ontario’s statutory secondary market disclosure liability regime.  In so doing, the court confirmed the fundamental importance of liability limits in continuous disclosure claims against directors and officers.

Notice of assignment

Notice of assignment can be given by either the assignee or assignor under the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (CCA).

This was the High Court's finding in Smith v 1st Credit (Finance) Ltd and another. Smith was notified by her credit card company that her credit card debt had been assigned to 1st Credit. 1st Credit wrote to Smith shortly afterwards confirming the assignment and advising how payment could be made. Smith failed to pay and was made bankrupt by 1st Credit which subsequently repossessed and sold Smith's property.

1. Leases Over One Year Must be Registered in all Provinces Except Québec

In recent years the Ontario Personal Property Security Act (“PPSA”) changed the scope of its application to include all leases for a term of more than one year, regardless of whether it is a “true” or “financing” lease. This is a different rule than exists in the United States and one often missed on cross border transactions.

1. Historical Background

Unlike the United States, Canada was not created by a unilateral declaration of independence from the colonial occupation of England.

Cinram International Income Fund (TSX: CRW.UN), a Canadian company that is one of the world’s largest providers of multi-media products, has sought and obtained protection under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). The company proposes to sell its assets and businesses in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany to Najafi Companies.

Cinram International Income Fund (TSX: CRW.UN), a Canadian company that is one of the world’s largest providers of multi-media products, has agreed to sell virtually all of its assets and businesses in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany to Najafi Companies after obtaining creditor protection under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA).

In 2008, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in Saulnier⁵ that a commercial fishing licence constitutes ‘property’ within the context of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (“BIA”) and the Nova Scotia PPSA⁶, thereby allowing the trustee in bankruptcy to seize the licence from the bankrupt.

Gym chain Fitness First is the latest high street name to propose a company voluntary arrangement (CVA) to its creditors. The chain currently runs more than 140 clubs in the UK but the arrangement proposes that 67 will be transferred to other operators within six months. Landlords will be reviewing the terms of the proposed CVA carefully.

A CVA is an agreement reached by a corporate debtor with its unsecured creditors. It is generally seen as a quicker and less formal route out of trading difficulties than administration.