The modernisation of the Scottish Insolvency Rules has been eagerly awaited for some time. In April 2017, England & Wales will see the newly transformed insolvency legislation take full effect with the introduction of the Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016. These new rules do not, however, impact on Scotland.

On 1st April 2016, the exemption for insolvency litigation from the changes brought about by the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO), was withdrawn. Prior to this, an Insolvency Practitioner (IP) could pursue action against a “rogue” director or debtor, on behalf of the creditors of an insolvent business/individual, by instructing a solicitor on a Conditional Fee Agreement (CFA), and protect themselves against adverse costs by taking out After The Event insurance (ATE).

Key Points

• Reaffirms the importance of considering whether an applicant’s position would be improved by the making a vesting order

• Useful guidance on the extent of the court’s powers when granting a vesting order.

The Facts

Trustees’ Application

Trustees in bankruptcy issued an application for a declaration that a property owned by a company (the Property) was in fact owned by the bankrupt. The trustees contended that the Property had been bought from the sale proceeds of a property owned by the bankrupt’s father, but expressly held on trust for the bankrupt (the Trust Property).

The Facts

In an important Court of Appeal (CoA) decision handed down on 1 March 2017, the CoA has clarified the position for banks, lenders and insolvency practitioners regarding realisation of assets after certificates of completion have been issued in individual voluntary arrangements (IVAs).

The decision in Green -v- Wright was handed down in the Court of Appeal on 1 March 2017 and seeks to address the following issues:

• Whether a trust created in an individual voluntary agreement (IVA) terminates on completion.
• What is the definition of a ‘creditor’ for the purposes of an IVA?
• What is the effect of a certificate of completion?

Does a trust terminate?

How can I protect my company from cash flow problems due to outstanding payments?

It is well worth keeping a close eye on your customers to spot any early signs of financial distress and act quickly.

Establishing a debtor company’s Centre of Main Interests (“COMI”) is an important step for any creditor who wishes to begin insolvency proceedings within the UK. In the context of real estate finance, it is common for the different borrower-side parties to be incorporated in various jurisdictions and, in particular, for the borrower/propco to be a special purpose vehicle incorporated and registered outside the UK.

The High Court has held that a bank owed a duty of care to its customer when on notice that an agent acting for the customer was misusing his authority. In the case of Singularis Holdings Limited (in Official Liquidation) v Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Limited [2017] EWHC 257 (Ch), a bank was liable in negligence to its customer since it was on notice that its customer was at risk of being defrauded by its director but failed to stop payments made for the purpose of misappropriating funds of the company.

The Facts

To start, let me introduce some familiar characters. First, an impecunious claimant who has the benefit of after the event (ATE) insurance, but the disadvantage of an incompetent solicitor. Second, a successful defendant with the benefit of a costs order and a final costs certificate, but the disadvantage of a slippery ATE insurer who has avoided the claimant’s ATE policy because of failures by the aforesaid incompetent solicitor. Different ways around this problem have been tried, and generally failed.