The Employment Appeal Tribunal has ruled in five conjoined appeals that TUPE applies in all administrations, since they constitute ”relevant insolvency proceedings” and not ”liquidation proceedings”. This will be the case even in “pre-pack” administrations, where a business is placed into administration but immediately sold to a purchaser who has been lined up to buy the business beforehand.
While the construction press seems to be full of speculation over which contractors are currently facing financial difficulties, coverage in relation to consultants' insolvency seems relatively minimal.
Last week the Employment Appeal Tribunal ruled in five conjoined appeals that TUPE applies in all administrations, since they constitute "relevant insolvency proceedings" and not "liquidation proceedings". This will be the case even in “pre-pack” administrations, where a business is placed into administration but immediately sold to a purchaser who has been lined up to buy the business beforehand.
A late October 2010 case Straw Realisations v Shaftsbury House illustrates the courts’ approach to technical and insolvency-based challenges regarding enforcement of adjudicators’ awards. Given the current spate of contractor insolvencies and popularity of adjudication, any trust facing an adverse adjudicator's decision in favour of its contractor should not pay without due consideration.
On 7 September 2010 "property and environmental services giant" Connaught, which had large contracts with many local authorities for maintenance of social housing, went into administration. In the wave of publicity which followed, the administrator quickly announced that it had "sold" the "majority of the ongoing contracts and their related assets" to Lovell, a subsidiary of Morgan Sindall. Since then, announcements have been few and far between.
The cuts revealed in the Comprehensive Spending Review have not been quite as bad as the construction industry had apparently been expecting (£3.5 billion not as bad). Nevertheless there have still been billions of pounds shaved off various departmental budgets which will affect the construction industry. Where public spending has in the past been a reliable source of income, some companies are inevitably now going to feel the effect of the cuts.
A late-October 2010 case on adjudication illustrates the courts' approach to technical and insolvency-based challenges regarding enforcement of adjudicators' awards.
Haymills (Contractors) Ltd went into administration in August 2009 having already won one adjudication against its employer, Shaftsbury, and having just commenced another, which it subsequently also won. Given Haymills' administration, Shaftsbury refused to pay the amounts awarded in either adjudication, relying on numerous heads to resist payment:
The demise of Connaught's social housing maintenance business will have left a great deal of its local authority clients wondering what happens next when you need services to be undertaken and cannot afford to wait for the contractor's administration to pan out. Such clients need to be aware of what they can do in this situation under the contract. First, do some homework: who else is there in the marketplace? Is there a potential buyer of the insolvent firm's business and will any such purchase include the contract that it has with you?
Christmas came early for landlords last year when the High Court handed down its decision in this case. The court had to consider the circumstances in which a tenant's administrators are obliged to pay rent as an expense of the administration, thereby giving the landlord priority over other unsecured creditors.
In William Hare Ltd v Shepherd Construction Ltd, the judgment of which can be accessed here, the consequences of an anachronistic piece of contract drafting cost the losing party over £1 million. The issue here was whether or not the contractor under a building sub-contract could successfully pass the risk of the employer’s insolvency onto its sub-contractor by means of what is commonly known as a “pay when paid” clause.