根据普通法和信托概念，必须要区分(1)受托人持有的信托资产的法定所有权和(2)受益人持有的信托资产的衡平法权益（即享有信托资产收益的权利）。
委托人可在生前设立家族信托，也可以在遗嘱中设立(也称为“遗嘱信托”)。在后一种情况下，信托在委托人去世时生效，转移给信托的资产是遗嘱中指定的资产。
此外，家族信托还可以分为固定信托或全权信托。固定信托按预定比例向特定受益人提供利益。在全权信托下，受益人通常被描述在一个类别内（即受益人不固定），受托人可以决定在受益人之间分配的金额。
优点
信托中的资产无须一次性转移给任何受益人。信托可以设定分配条件（资产或资产产生的收入），以保护弱势受益人。如果他们过早以自己的名义获得资产，可能会做出不明智的支出决定。信托还可以为将来的目的预留资金，如委托人后代的教育支出或需要长期医疗或特殊护理的家族成员的费用。
全权信托允许在确定受益人方面有一定的灵活性，例如将信托设立时委托人尚未出生的子女包括在内，排除后代的配偶等。
The trust assets could be protected from seizure by creditors if the settlor subsequently becomes bankrupt.
As wealth management and family offices are attracting more attention, Hong Kong has become a popular place to set up trusts for families, especially those from mainland China. This article explains how a trust works and why it may benefit a family.
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Following are this week’s summaries of the Court of Appeal for Ontario for the week of June 14, 2021.
In Kelava v. Spadacini, the Court found that a Deputy Judge of the Small Claims Court has the jurisdiction to make a representation order relying on Rule 12 of the ordinary Rules of Civil Procedure by analogy. The overriding consideration in Small Claims Court matters is access to justice.
People get divorced for all sorts of reasons. What if the main reason for a divorce is to put assets beyond the reach of creditors? A quick divorce giving assets to the soon-to-be-ex spouse, followed by a declaration of bankruptcy can look incredibly suspicious, but if there’s a Court order granting the divorce and division of assets what can be done about it?
Transfer at an undervalue
The suggestion that the financially stronger party is at risk of bankruptcy is not a novel argument in financial proceedings following a divorce. In many cases, the threat of bankruptcy does not materialise and therefore has no bearing on the final outcome. In some, however, the risk of bankruptcy is used as an excuse for a breach of orders made in the family court and in the worst case scenario, the threat of bankruptcy can become a reality.
Introduction
Under Singapore bankruptcy law, when a person is adjudged bankrupt, any disposition of property made by him from the date of the bankruptcy application is void unless the court consents to or ratifies the disposition. However, will the court ratify the disposition of assets made pursuant to an order for division of assets in divorce proceedings, and in what circumstances will it do so? These were the issues considered in the Singapore High Court case of Ong Dan Tze Magdalene v Chee Yoh Chuang & Anor [2021] SGHC 129.
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Following are this week’s summaries of the Court of Appeal for Ontario for the week of May 31, 2021.
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Following are this week’s summaries of the civil decisions of the Court of Appeal for Ontario.
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Following are this week’s summaries of the civil decisions of the Court of Appeal for Ontario.