The Claim

Arjo Wiggins Appleton Limited (“AWA Limited”) was a wholly owned subsidiary of Sequana SA (the “Defendant”). BAT Industries Plc (“BAT Plc”), through a series of corporate acquisitions, became liable to pay for part of an environmental clean-up operation in the USA. AWA Limited was also liable to indemnify BAT Plc for part of that liability.

In December 2008, AWA Limited’s directors signed a solvency statement confirming that, in the opinion of the directors;

The aim of a payment action is to recover monies due. Obtaining a positive judgment from the court is just the first step in that process. The party with the benefit of the judgment still needs to enforce the order if payment is not made. This guide describes what enforcement means in practice and the approach to enforcement in Scotland.

Getting started

To enforce a court decree in Scotland, creditors need to do the following:

A company in liquidation appealed against a decision that its claim against the directors, for breach of fiduciary or statutory duty in relation to distribution in specie of the claimant company’s shareholding in another company, was time-barred.

The recent case of James William Stares v Elgin Legal Ltd [2016] EWHC 2523 (Ch) is notable as it considers whether a former administrator can apply for an administration order and, if such an order can have retrospective effect.

In the case of Re BW Estates Ltd the High Court considered the validity of a directors’ out of court appointment in circumstances where there was technically an inquorate directors’ board meeting.

A winding up order can be used by creditors to enforce payment of a debt by a delinquent company. Often as an act of last resort, creditors petition the court to have the business liquidated, usually after several failed attempts to recover their money.

The expense of going through the courts to obtain an order of this type indicates their determination, and this is a method often used by large secured creditors such as HMRC and the banks.

The Association of Business Recovery Professionals suggests that unsecured creditors, on average, receive 1% of the debt due to them from a company that undertakes a pre-pack sale and 3% in cases in which a going concern sale is achieved.  Given such poor prospects, investment of time in identification and reduction of insolvency risk can pay dividends.

There are a number of warning signs of supply chain risk, and it is key that you are familiar with these:

The recent Court of Appeal decision in Horton v Henry has highlighted the protection afforded to a bankrupt holding a private pension to the detriment of his bankruptcy creditors.

Facts

A Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA) provides a way for companies in distress to pay off their debts over a fixed period of time, and offers the opportunity to address issues surrounding management and operational systems that were not working.

Pressure from suppliers can be overwhelming when your company is experiencing financial difficulties. Even if it is only a temporary downturn in company fortunes, the fact that a supplier can apply for a winding up order leaves you exposed to compulsory liquidation and closure.

If suppliers have tried unsuccessfully to recover their monies, and your company has failed to respond or been unable to pay, their decision to take legal action could be disastrous.