There has been an upturn in the frequency of trade finance workouts, restructurings and formal insolvencies. Susan Moore and Luci Mitchell-Fry look at some key issues that banks face when trade finance lending passes to "bad bank".
The bank's decisions at every stage of a trade finance transaction are critical: at origination; when following a workout/restructuring; and once a formal insolvency process becomes a reality.
Origination
The Insolvency Service has published its policy, which came into effect on 1 December 2010, on realising a bankrupt's principal residence where the Official Receiver (OR) is appointed as the trustee in bankruptcy.
The policy provides that the OR will not take any steps to market the bankrupt's interest in the property for a period of two years and three months from the date of the bankruptcy order. However, the OR can accept any unsolicited offer in relation to the property if it is in the best interest of creditors. After the expiry of the two years and three months:
Rainy Sky SA et al v Kookmin Bank [2010] All ER (D) 255 (May) In our Spring 2010 e-news we reported on the case of Kookmin Bank which dealt with the interpretation of a refund guarantee between Kookmin Bank (the “Bank”) and the customer of an insolvent shipyard. The Bank issued a refund guarantee to secure obligations assumed by its customer Jinse Shipbuilding (the “Builder”). The agreement required the Bank to repay on demand all of the instalments paid by the buyer, Rainy Sky, on the occurrence of a default event under the refund guarantee.
Treasury has published the 12 responses it received to its consultation on a special administration regime for investment firms resolution and draft legislation that takes into account its views on the responses. One Order clarifies that the definition of “client assets” includes money, but not money held in respect of insurance mediation. The other sets out the new regime. Respondents broadly supported the proposals and favoured an approach that would require the return of all client money and assets, not just segregated ones.
A guarantor can be made bankrupt where the terms of the guarantee create a debt obligation.
The court has held that a statutory demand is valid despite the high default interest rate on an underlying loan.
On 16 September 2010 the UK Treasury published a consultation paper seeking views on its proposals for a new Special Administration Regime (SAR) for investment firms. The Consultation included draft regulations that will implement the SAR (the Draft Regulations).
The Consultation was prompted by the failure of Lehman Brothers in 2008 which posed (and continues to pose) serious challenges for insolvency regimes around the world.
A group of senior lenders to European Directories SA, a Macquarie Group Ltd affiliate, have succeeded on their appeal to the English Court of Appeal in litigation with European Directories' mezzanine lenders over a €2billion loan restructuring plan for the company.
Treasury makes banking insolvency rules: Treasury has made insolvency and administration rules covering building societies in England and Scotland and amended the English rules on banks in insolvency and administration and the Scottish rules on banking insolvencies. The English rules, among other changes, provide for the statement of proposals to be sent to FSA and FSCS and for the disapplication of set-off for protected deposits up to FSCS's statutory limit. The Scottish instruments apply to insolvencies of banks and building societies under the Banking Act 2009.
Yesterday, the United Kingdom’s Commercial Secretary to the Treasury launched a consultation on a new special-resolution regime, Special administration regime for investment firms, to strengthen the government’s ability to handle future insolvencies of failing investment banks to minimize cost and disruption of the overall national financial system.