In light of the business news over the last year, including the most current news of Carillion, it is important to know how business failure impacts on employment rights.

Despite the Treasury’s comparison of independent forecasts for the UK economy showing an overall upturn for January 2018, there appears to be a nasty outbreak of bad weather looming. Close on the heels of the reported financial woes of Toys R Us and House of Fraser comes the news of the fashion retailer New Look and now, massively, Carillion.

The recent decision in Leeds v Lemos may create significant problems for Trustees in Bankruptcy as they attempt to fulfil their duty of realising a Bankrupt’s estate for the benefit of his creditors.

The case centred on the wish of the Trustee in Bankruptcy to rely on documents that the Bankrupt (and some third parties) claimed were privileged. The Trustee in Bankruptcy therefore asked the Court to compel the Bankrupt to waive privilege, so that the documents could be referred to in legal proceedings..

When creditors are demanding payment and money is tight the easiest thing to do is pay those who are shouting the loudest. Often HMRC debts, including Winding Up Petitions, are ignored in favour of paying suppliers so that a business can keep going. However, ignoring HMRC can lead to unavoidable failure of a company.

A recent case shows how a company’s Articles of Association, a document which defines the duties and responsibilities of members, must be adhered to when directors are exercising their powers.

The court had to consider whether a sole director of a company, whose articles required two directors for its board meeting to be quorate, could validly pass a resolution to appoint administrators under the Insolvency Act 1986 and, if not, whether the Duomatic principle could validate the appointment.

CHANGES TO THE INSOLVENCY AND RESTRUCTURING COMPANIES CODE

The changes to the Insolvency and Restructuring Companies Code, as established in Decree-Law No. 79/2017 of June 30, entered into force on July 1 2017.

Noteworthy changes

A. Special revitalization proceeding (Processo Especial de Revitalizao "PER")

1. This proceeding is now only available to companies.

2. Requirements for this proceeding were revised.

a. For every company:

Financing and Restructuring July 2017 Cases and transactions Dual financing to build waste management center FLUIDRA: Issuance of promissory notes on MARF Agile process to sell production unit in insolvency proceedings Legislation New rules on prospectuses Regulation coming into force on insolvency proceedings and forms Case law Indirect shareholding and subordination of credit Pledging of VAT credits resistant to insolvency proceedings Concept of group in insolvency proceedings Individual legal standing in syndicated loans Insolvency categorization of loans secured with pledge of credit ri

In the case of Newwatch Ltd v Bennett, the court ruled that After The Event insurance (ATE) policies could not be used as adequate security for costs by the claimant companies who were based in Denmark and Jersey.

A recent decision in the High Court has seen an application for pre-action disclosure of an insurance policy dismissed because the defendant was not insolvent.

Peel Port Shareholder Finance Company owned a warehouse that was damaged by a fire caused by Dornoch. They argued that their claim was highly likely to win but that, if it did, it would cause Dornoch to become insolvent.

Peel Port therefore sought ‘pre-action disclosure’, meaning Dornoch would have to disclose applicable insurance cover information to Peel Port before they decided whether to proceed.

 CONTENTS CORPORATE LAW NEWSLETTER I MARCH, 2017 I CAPITALIZAR PROGRAMME – PRESS RELEASE FROM THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF 16 MARCH 2017 2 II NATIONAL LEGISLATION 5 III NATIONAL CASE LAW 6 NEWSLETTER I CORPORATE WWW.CUATRECASAS.COM NEWSLETTER I CORPORATE 2/7 NEWSLETTER CORPORATE LAW I CAPITALIZAR PROGRAMME – PRESS RELEASE FROM THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF 16 MARCH 2017 One of the priorities of the programme of the 21st Constitutional Government is to reduce the high level of corporate borrowing and to improve conditions for investment, which is why the capitalisation of companies is one