One of the more interesting recent appointments in which MacRoberts have been acting relates to the administration of Livingston Football Club Limited ("Livingston") where we acted for Donnie McGruther of Mazars. Donnie was interim manager and subsequently administrator of Livingston.
Making a will is regarded by most individuals as a necessary irritant ranking in popularity somewhere below a visit to the dentist or doctor. Following the unprecedented instability in the global financial markets since 2007, “systemic” risk (posed by the potential failure of large or complex cross-border financial institutions) was identified by regulators and legislators as one of the key areas requiring better supervision, in order to prevent a similar crisis in the future.
In a recent interesting Scottish case, HSBC Bank plc, Re an Order to wind up Kirkbride Investment Limited [2009 Scot CS CSOH 147], the Court of Session granted an application to wind up an overseas company and appoint Joint Provisional Liquidators. The company, registered in Gibraltar, was involved in property development in Scotland with the secured lending provided by the Bank.
The Facts
The Office of Fair Trading ("OFT") has announced that it will conduct a review of the corporate insolvency market in the UK. Its aim is to assess the level of competition in the UK market and ensure that the market itself is working well for consumers.
On 23 November a new form of diligence will be created which allows creditors to seize money belonging to a debtor in satisfaction of a debt.
In principle, all assets owned by a debtor should be susceptible to enforcement of a debt. But at present, creditors are unable to take diligence against cash owned by a debtor. To rectify this anomaly, a special category of diligence - money attachment - has been introduced by Part 8 of the Bankruptcy and Diligence etc. (Scotland) Act 2007.
When can a money attachment be used?
A recent decision in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Florida, In re Tousa,[1] has received widespread attention for its near wholesale rejection of insolvency “savings clauses,” and the resulting order requiring lenders to disgorge hundreds of millions of dollars. The decision raises numerous practical problems for participants in the secondary loan and derivatives markets, and more generally for commercial lenders and borrowers.
Background
Some of the customers of Farepak, the failed Christmas hamper company that went into liquidation with BDO Stoy Hayward some three years ago, will apparently soon receive their first dividend cheques out of the insolvency. Perhaps even in time for Christmas 2009!
The High Court in England has made an interesting decision in the case of ED Games Limited. A director of that company procured that it did not pay VAT for a period prior to its liquidation and in that period, the net deficit on the company's balance sheet increased. The High Court has held that the director could be held personally liable for the increase in such net deficit.
Implementation of the Bankruptcy and Diligence etc (Scotland) Act 2007 continues apace. 22 April 2009 saw the most recent instalment with the passing of Commencement Order NO.4 including Parts 5 and 10 of the Act: namely the parts relating to inhibition, arrestments in execution and actions of furthcoming.
Part 5 - Inhibition
With ever increasing numbers of corporate insolvencies, it is likely that the courts will see an increase in litigation raised by insolvency practitioners and creditors arising out of restructuring arrangements entered into by companies in an attempt to stave off insolvency.
While debt restructurings must always remain a significant part of the corporate recovery toolkit, all stakeholders must be aware of the underlying rules relating to the challengeability of transactions in the run up to insolvencies.
There are two main challengeable areas in Scots law: