2020年の初めに新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）パンデミックが広がり始めてから、その拡散を抑えるために全米の州知事が事業の閉鎖を命じる行政命令を出しました。多くの事業主が、事業閉鎖期間の賃料の支払義務から逃れるための救済手段を探ろうとして賃貸借契約書、特にその不可抗力(force majeure)条項を調べました。事業体やその弁護士は、今まで経験したことのない性質のパンデミックと相次ぐ事業閉鎖を目の当たりにしていますが、そのような重要事項の指針となる判例はわずかしかありませんでした。しかし、イリノイ州J.B.プリツカー知事がCOVID-19危機の対応策として、レストランに対して同施設で食事をする客に料理を出す(on-premises consumption)ことを禁じる行政命令を出した結果1、 Hitz Restaurant Group事件において、イリノイ州北部地区連邦破産裁判所は、近時、賃貸借契約書に含まれる不可抗力条項に基づき、テナント（賃借人）‐債務者の賃料支払義務は一部免除されると判示しました。
The ongoing pandemic will cause upheaval across all markets and sectors. Business models may become unviable. Sound businesses will suffer short-term liquidity crises. Customer behaviour may alter. Distress opportunities can create opportunity if buyers can work to an accelerated timeline.
1. IT'S NOT JUST INSOLVENCY
The COVID-19 pandemic has already led to business failures and forced others into negotiations with lenders, landlords and other stakeholders. For many sectors, the crisis has reinforced or accelerated the challenges that they were already facing. Government support measures including loans, furlough and temporary legislative changes have delayed some of the usual pressure points, but as support is eased, many businesses will have to find cash from significantly reduced turnover to satisfy deferred liabilities or repay loans.
概要
新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）パンデミックが、引き続き世界経済に多大な被害を及ぼしています。そのような状況で、破産手続の申請により債務救済措置を講じる米国会社の数が増えていることにお気づきかもしれません。この数カ月のうちに破産手続の申請をした企業には、J.C. Penney、Hertz、Gold’s Gymをはじめとして、最近ではChesapeake EnergyやBriggs & Strattonなど、多種の産業セクターに属する会社が含まれています。米国では、2020年後半に、COVID-19による倒産・破産件数が急増する傾向があり、そのような傾向は2021年に入ってもさらに続くことを予測しているビジネス・アナリストもいます。 |
Executive Summary
WELCOME TO OUR LATEST EDITION OF CORPORATE FINANCE NEWS. READ ON FOR UPDATES RELATING TO COVID-19; CORPORATE GOVERNANCE; EQUITY CAPITAL MARKETS; CLIMATE CHANGE AND MORE...
COVID-19: LEGAL & REGULATORY CHANGES
CORPORATE INSOLVENCY AND GOVERNANCE ACT 2020 IN FORCE
- The Corporate Governance and Insolvency Act (CGIA) came into force on 26 June 2020, with the intention of providing businesses in financial difficulty with flexibility and breathing space and additional assistance (such as the protection of supplies) in order to maximise their chances of survival.
- It contains a number of provisions which will impact on construction contracts and professional appointments, in particular on the rights of a supplier under a contract for the supply of goods and services (e.g.
Termination for insolvency: a clause for concern?
Perhaps influenced by the fall of some significant UK brands in recent years, the actions of suppliers of insolvent firms have long been on the radar of the Government, initially through the introduction of The Insolvency (Protection of Essential Supplies) Order 2015 and most recently through the consultation and consideration relating to the Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020, which came into force on 26 June 2020.
Questions and answers on the effect of the part A1 moratorium to be introduced by the Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 from a Lender's perspective.
The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (CIGA) was enacted on 26 June 2020 and includes measures both as a response to COVID-19, which apply temporarily, and measures which apply permanently, part of a long-planned package of insolvency reform measures.
The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (Act) received Royal Assent on 25 June 2020. The majority of its provisions commenced on 26 June 2020, with the exception of the temporary measures which have retrospective effect from 1 March 2020.
1. TEMPORARY PROVISIONS
WHAT HAS CHANGED?