On August 17, 2023, China Evergrande Group, one of China’s largest real estate developers, and its affiliates filed chapter 15 petitions in the US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York in Manhattan seeking recognition of foreign restructuring proceedings in the High Court of Hong Kong and in the High Court of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court in the British Virgin Islands.

Globalisation means that the effects of a business entering insolvency proceedings rarely stay within the territorial confines of a single jurisdiction; one need only look to the recent cryptocurrency bankruptcies as evidence of this. Cross-border insolvencies are no longer the preserve of large multinational corporation failures. Globalisation and the advent of digitisation mean that even small enterprises have customers, assets, and suppliers in multiple countries. This is particularly so across Asia.

The restructuring of Hong Kong Airlines has been approved. It is the first time that a parallel English Restructuring Plan and Hong Kong Scheme of Arrangement have successfully been used to restructure Hong Kong, PRC and English law-governed debts.

For the background to the restructuring and details of the plan and scheme, please see our article here.

There has been no shortage of distressed airlines over the last 2.5 years as the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic reverberations wreaked havoc across the aviation sector and travel industry alike. Virgin Atlantic Airlines, Norwegian Air, Garuda, Malaysia Airlines (its leasing wing MAB Leasing Limited), AirAsia X and SAS are just some of the airlines to have gone through, or are in the process of, debt restructurings or deployment of asset and liability management strategies.

The new Slovakian preventive restructuring framework aims to provide companies with a viable toolkit to deal with financial distress at an early stage and to counter the fact that the majority of Slovak companies enter an insolvency process having been insolvent for more than a year.

Main characteristics

The new Part 26A Companies Act Restructuring Plan procedure, dubbed the “Super Scheme”, (summarised here) was gathering pace in the English courts since its introduction in June last year. Last week’s judgment in gategroup presents a potential speed bump in terms of its implementation as the restructuring tool of choice in European cross-border restructurings.

The Slovak parliament recently passed a new law – The Temporary Protection of Distressed Undertakings Before Creditors – which came into effect on 1 January 2021. It replaces the current temporary protection (moratorium) adopted at the outset of the COVID-19 crisis.

The new regulation will only be granted where a majority of the unrelated creditors involved agree with the stay. This marks a departure from the COVID-19 moratorium, which could be easily accessed by all debtors impacted by the coronavirus pandemic.

The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 introduces a range of changes to UK insolvency law of a magnitude not seen since the reforms of the Enterprise Act 2002. One of the reforms included in the Act is a wide ranging prohibition on the operation of termination clauses in contracts for the supply of goods and/or services where the counterparty enters a relevant insolvency process.

What do the provisions do?

Under the new provisions, suppliers will be prevented from:

The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 introduces a range of changes to UK insolvency law of a magnitude not seen since the reforms of the Enterprise Act 2002. One of the reforms included in the Act is a wide ranging prohibition on the operation of termination clauses in contracts for the supply of goods and/or services where the counterparty enters a relevant insolvency process.

What do the provisions do?

Under the new provisions, suppliers will be prevented from:

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Europe, the Slovak Parliament has adopted a series of new laws aiming predominantly to support employment, to provide financial aid and tax relief (particularly to SMEs) and to preserve and regulate legal enforcement.

The insolvency law related measures include mainly:

Debtor's filing

The statutory time limit for debtors to file for bankruptcy due to over-indebtedness (balance sheet test) that occurred between 12 March and 30 April 2020 has been prolonged from 30 to 60 days (and is expected to be prolonged further).