In a recent decision, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court has clarified equitable subordination risks in connection with shareholder loans. The key takeaways are as follows:

Sanctions regulations won't prevent administration orders but may affect timings and require undertakings

Unregistered and time-barred foreign judgments can found the basis of insolvency proceedings in England

The English High Court has ruled that unregistered and time-barred foreign judgments can found the basis of insolvency proceedings in England.

The threat of insolvency proceedings can be a strong form of leverage to obtain a successful outcome on enforcement of a judgment debt, as judgment debtors will often pay up when faced with the prospect of being found insolvent.

Foreign money judgments

The High Court recently issued its ruling in the matter of Re Avanti Communications Limited (in administration). It is the first major case since the pivotal 2005 House of Lords decision of Re Spectrum Plus  to examine the characteristics of fixed and floating charges.

Key points

In addition to amendments to the Debt Enforcement and Bankruptcy Act (DEBA) and the Criminal Code (SCC), the Federal Act on Combating Abusive Bankruptcy also brings important changes to the Code of Obligations (CO) and the Commercial Register Ordinance (CRO). The new Act aims at increasing the hurdles for a company to release its debts to the detriment of its creditors. The amendments to the law and ordinances are expected to enter into force in January 2024. 

Background

Das Bundesgesetz über die Bekämpfung des missbräuchlichen Konkurses bringt neben Anpassungen im Schuldbetreibungs- und Konkursgesetz (SchKG) sowie dem Strafgesetzbuch (StGB) auch wichtige Änderungen im Obligationenrecht (OR) und in der Handelsregisterverordnung (HRegV). Dadurch sollen die Hürden für die Befreiung von Schulden zum Nachteil der Gläubiger künftig erhöht werden. Die Gesetzes- und Verordnungsänderungen werden voraussichtlich im Januar 2024 in Kraft treten.

Ausgangslage

À côté des adaptations à la Loi fédérale sur la poursuite pour dettes et faillite (LP) et au Code pénal (CP), la Loi fédérale sur la lutte contre l'usage abusif de la faillite entraîne d'importantes modifications du Code des obligations (CO) et de l'Ordonnance sur le registre du commerce (ORC). Elle vise ainsi à augmenter les obstacles à la libération des dettes au préjudice des créanciers. Les modifications de la loi et des ordonnances devraient entrer en vigueur en janvier 2024.

Situation actuelle

The Supreme Court has handed down its long-awaited judgment in BTI 2014 LLC v Sequana SA [2022] UKSC 25.

Basic facts

Le 16 avril 2020, le Conseil fédéral avait adopté l'Ordonnance COVID-19 insolvabilité. L'un de ses principaux objectifs était de diminuer la pression subie par les organes d'administration des entreprises suisses quant à leur obligation d'aviser le juge d'un surendettement (« dépôt du bilan »). L'allègement visait principalement les situations de surendettement causées par les effets négatifs de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les liquidités, le bénéfice et les perspectives de continuité d'exploitation.

On 16 April 2020, the Swiss Federal Council enacted the COVID-19 Insolvency Ordinance. One of its main goals was to relieve pressure on executive bodies of Swiss entities to request the opening of insolvency proceedings. Relief was targeted at overindebtedness situations caused by negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on liquidity, earnings and going-concern prospects. Further, the Swiss Federal Council put in place a special COVID-19 moratorium which was designed for SMEs. On 14 October 2020, the Swiss Federal Council decided not to extend such measures beyond 19 October 2020.