The pandemic impacted a number of businesses in Poland. To prevent some of its negative consequences a moratorium on the filing of bankruptcy declarations was introduced in Polish law on 13 April 2020.

Vehicle production is based on a supply chain system. During a pandemic, the risk increases that not all links in the chain will function properly. It is worth considering this risk in the context of restructuring and bankruptcy law.

In a well-organised system, parts arrive on the production line “just in time.” The just-in-time system requires excellent logistics and management of the organisation and close cooperation between its participants.

How will Brexit affect cross-border bankruptcy and restructuring proceedings involving the UK? Will judgments issued by an insolvency court in the UK still be recognised in Poland?

The United Kingdom ceased to be a member of the European Union from 1 February 2020, and the Brexit transition period ended on 31 December 2020. This means that from 1 January 2021, EU law no longer applies to the UK.

A creditor has a chance to obtain satisfaction through a fraudulent transfer claim even if the debtor disposed of its assets before the claim arose. The intention to injure future creditors is demonstrated by the foreseeability of insolvency, and thus the debtor’s expectation of becoming insolvent with respect to potential creditors.