Recently, by a judgment dated 30 May 2022, a three-judge bench of the Supreme Courtin the case of Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited versus A. Balakrishnan & Anr (Judgment dated 30 May 2022 in Civil Appeal No. 689 of 2021) held that a recovery certificate issued the Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act, 1992 (RDB Act) would qualify as a “financial debt” under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC), and give rise to a fresh cause of action under section 7 of the IBC.

The Supreme Court of India in Indian Overseas Bank v M/s RCM Infrastructure Ltd. & Anr. held that a sale under section 13 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (“SARFAESI Act”), would be regarded as complete only upon receipt of full consideration towards the sale properties.

Introduction

2016年破産倒産法は、企業債務者の時間的制約のある再建と倒産処理を主たる目的として制定されました。同法に基づき、企業債務者の金融債権者又は事業債権者は、債務不履行が発生した場合、会社法審判所(以下「NCLT」)に対して、企業債務者の倒産処理手続の開始を申請することができます。

会社法上訴審判所(以下「NCLAT」)の各種判決に照らすと、Decree-Holder(後ほど説明します)が企業の債務者に対して破産手続きを開始する権利は、Decree-Holderが金融債権者であるか否かについての見解が分かれており、不確実なものとなっていました。金融債権者が破産手続を開始するプロセスは、事業債権者によるプロセスと比較して、非常に異なっています。

「decree」と「decree holder」の概念について説明すると、「decree」とは、訴訟関係者の権利を説明する裁判官による裁決の公式宣言であり、decreeが下された者が「decree holder」と呼ばれます。

Who is a corporate debtor?

A corporate debtor refers to a company, a limited liability partnership or any person who owes a debt to its creditors. Under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy code, a corporate debtor is liable to the financial and operational creditors for the payment of such debt.

What types of creditors are there with respect to a corporate debtor?

The Hon’ble Supreme Court vide its order dated April 18, 2022 in State Bank of India Vs Krishidhan Seeds Private Limited has observed that Section 18 of the Limitation Act, 1963 is applicable to proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.

Brief Facts

INTRODUCTION

India has been grappling with an increase in non-performing assets (NPA) and defaults of loans since at least the 1990s. As per recent reports, gross NPAs of public sector banks have doubled in the last 7 (seven) years, 1 which is indicative of the issues being faced by lenders against recalcitrant borrowers.

このニュースレターは、2022年4月のインドの破産法の発展に関する重要な最新情報をカバーしています。

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 read with, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Voluntary Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2020, establish a procedure for the voluntary liquidation of solvent corporate persons.

Between the lines... For Private Circulation-Educational & Information purpose only Vaish Associates Advocates… Distinct. By Experience. I. NCLT: Corporate debtor cannot be sent into liquidation just because liquidation value is more than the value of the resolution plan. The National Company Law Tribunal, Kolkata (“NCLT”) has in its order dated April 6, 2022, in the matter of CFM Asset Reconstruction Private Limited v. S. S. Natural Resources Private Limited and Another [IA No. 538/KB/2021 in CP (IB) No.

The Hon’ble Supreme Court has recently upheld a Judgement of the Division Bench of Tripura High Court in the case of Sri Subhankar Bhowmik vs Union of India(1) wherein it was held that a Decree Holder cannot be treated at par with Financial Creditors in a Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) initiated under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (Code).