In a year quite unlike any other, the landscape of Canadian restructuring law saw significant developments in 2020. The COVID-19 crisis put novel issues before the courts, challenged businesses in unforeseen ways and saw various supports and concessions offered to struggling businesses from governments and creditors. Ultimately, while the supports and concessions enabled many businesses to avoid insolvency proceedings in 2020, many others sought the protection of an insolvency filing, with industries such as the retail industry particularly impacted.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, insolvent companies have sought court intervention relating to the payment of rent during lockdown periods. In the most recent decision on this issue, the Quebec Superior Court (Court) ruled that a debtor undergoing a restructuring under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (CCAA) should not be relieved of its obligation to pay post-filing rent, even in circumstances where its ability to use the leased premises is constrained by governmental orders.
Une décision récente rendue par la Cour supérieure dans le district judiciaire de Montréal1 s’inscrit dans la tendance jurisprudentielle en matière de nomination de séquestre en vertu de la Loi sur la faillite et l’insolvabilité (« L.F.I. »), soit la nécessité que le préavis d’exercice visé au Code civil du Québec (« C.c.Q. ») soit transmis et expiré préalablement à la demande de nomination.
Cette décision fait partie d’une controverse jurisprudentielle qui devra être tranchée par la Cour d’appel prochainement.
In the recent decision of British Columbia Attorney General v Quinsam Coal Corporation, 2020 BCSC 640 (Quinsam), the British Columbia Supreme Court (the Court) considered the priority between a debtor’s environmental liabilities and a secured creditor. In its analysis, the Court extensively discussed the Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in Orphan Well Association v Grant Thornton Ltd, 2019 SCC 5 (Redwater). In reference to Redwater, the Court posed the following question:
A recent judgment rendered by the Superior Court in the judicial district of Montréal1 is in line with the current trend in rulings regarding the appointment of receivers under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (“B.I.A.”), namely the requirement that the notice of exercise of a hypothecary right referred to in the Civil Code of Quebec (“C.C.Q.”) be submitted, and the time limit specified in the notice must have expired, prior to the application to appoint a receiver.
In The Toronto-Dominion Bank v Queen (2020 FCA 80), the Federal Court of Appeal (FCA) confirmed a Federal Court (FC) decision and ruled that a secured creditor had a statutory obligation to pay the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) for a tax debt of an arm’s-length borrower because the secured creditor had received proceeds from the sale of the borrower’s property which was deemed to be held in trust by the Crown under the Excise
Businesses are facing unprecedented challenges as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. For some businesses, the impact has been immediate such as in the travel and events industries where sales have come to a sudden halt. For many other client facing businesses, such as in the hospitality and retail industries, revenues have taken a sharp decline due to social distancing measures. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy are expected to continue well after the easing of restrictions and re-opening of various sectors of the economy.
On May 8, 2020, the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) released its reasons for the decision rendered in 9354-9816 Québec Inc. et al. v. Callidus Capital Corporation, et al on January 23, 2020. The SCC unanimously allowed the appeal from the Québec Court of Appeal’s decision, reinstating an order allowing third-party litigation funding in insolvency proceedings.
Background
In Canada, the federal government enacted the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act R.S.C., 1985, c. B-3 (“BIA”), which is intended to relieve honest but unfortunate debtors of their debts and to organize a process that allows for an orderly administration of the estate of the debtors.
The process created by the BIA sets out the duties and obligations of the various stakeholders involved in the insolvency proceeding and it establishes numerous deadlines by which certain tasks are required to be accomplished.
Some of the more salient delays include:
On May 8, 2020, the Supreme Court of Canada (the "SCC") released its reasons for the ruling rendered on January 23, 2020, which allowed the appeal by 9354-9186 Québec Inc. and 9354-9178 Québec Inc. (collectively, "Bluberi")[1]. The SCC's ruling set aside the Québec Court of Appeal's (the "Court of Appeal") ruling, thereby restoring the first instance judgment of the Superior Court of Québec ("Superior Court").