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In Harrington v. Simmons (In re Simmons), 513 B.R. 161 (Bankr. D. Mass. 2014), the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Massachusetts considered the U.S. trustee's request that a Chapter 7 debtor be denied a discharge for his failure to maintain adequate financial records or satisfactorily explain the loss of his assets.

The Madrid Senior Commercial Judges have published the conclusions of the meetings held on November 7 and 21 on the unification of applicable criteria of the reforms of the Insolvency Act enacted by Royal Decree-Law 11/201415 and Act 17/2014.16

The Madrid Provincial Court applied the doctrine of the Supreme Court judgment of April 30, 2014, no. 100/20148, and declared the rescission of a personal guarantee granted by the insolvent company to secure the loan granted by a credit institution to a related company.

The insolvency system established under Royal Decree-Law 5/2005 applies to interest rate swap agreements if they are subject to a contractual compensation agreement, even when there is only a financial transaction under that agreement. Any claims arising from these agreements that might have accrued after the declaration of insolvency will be charged against the insolvency estate.

The Council of State has issued a report regarding the request for a declaration of the administration’s financial liability made by a party expropriated for fair value in legal proceedings in view of the declaration of insolvency of the concessionaire benefitting from the expropriation.

Judgment of the Supreme Court of Justice No 15/2014, published in Diário da República (Portuguese official gazette) No 24 of 2014-12-22

Insolvency – Insolvency Administrator – Presumption of bad faith

Portaria (Ordinance) No 261/2014 - Diário da República (Portuguese official gazette) No 242/2014, Series I of 2014-12-16

Amending for the first time the Regulation of the Local Support and Micro-company Incentive Scheme.

Law No 79/2014 - Diário da República (Portuguese official gazette) No 245/2014, Series I of 2014-12-19

Reviewing the legal framework of urban lease.

The "American rule" is a well-defined legal principle applied by courts throughout the United States that holds each party to a dispute responsible for paying its own attorney fees. This principle is, however, subject to a number of exceptions that effectively allow a prevailing party to recover its own attorney fees from a losing party. For example, federal and state statutes increasingly authorize a prevailing party to recover costs from its adversary in certain types of actions.