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The recent reform of the Bankruptcy Act (operated under RD 11/2014 dated September 5, 2014) intended to extend the bankruptcy agreement modifications in favor of the pre-insolvency restructuring and refinancing agreements which were introduced in March 2014.

The reform has a special provision for privileged creditors with warranties subject to specific valuation formulas, to be adjusted to the actual financial value of the guaranteed credit. Any portion of debts that exceed this value will not be considered as privileged, but will be ordinarily classified.

The Spanish Supreme Court has established the legalconcept of insolvency as an objective requirement forthe Declaration of Insolvency pursuant to Section 2.1 ofthe bankruptcy Act by virtue of the decision taken by the Court on April 1, 2014.

In a case that should alarm secured creditors who thought they could lawfully exercise their secured creditor rights to foreclose on collateral, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals upheld sanctions against a secured creditor that did exactly that. In 2006, the State Employees Federal Credit Union ("SEFCU") made a loan to Mr. Weber, secured by Mr. Weber’s pick-up truck (the principles in this case apply equally in the corporate finance world). After Mr. Weber defaulted on the loan in 2009, SEFCU legally repossessed Mr.