Hong Kong is a common law jurisdiction, and its legal system is based on English law. Following Hong Kong’s handover to China on 1 July 1997, the Basic Law of Hong Kong is the constitutional document of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Article 8 of the Basic Law provides that: “laws previously in force in Hong Kong, that is, the common law, rules of equity, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary law shall be maintained, except for any that contravene [the Basic Law], and subject to any amendment by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.”
Hong Kong is the only common law jurisdiction within the People’s Republic of China and one of the few financial centres in the world without a formal rescue mechanism in its legislation. Hong Kong has not enacted legislation to recognise corporate rescue over simple liquidation.
In figures released on Friday 28 July 2023 from the Insolvency Service, the total number of registered company insolvencies in England and Wales during Q2 2023 was 6,342, the highest since Q2 2009 and up by 9% compared to Q1 2023. The construction industry was again the hardest hit (a trend going back over a decade). Whilst more construction companies went into administration during Q2 compared to Q1, significantly higher numbers went quietly into liquidation during the same period, at an average rate of around 11 per day.
The construction industry trade press frequently writes about administrations in the industry. Whilst the Insolvency Service's figures show that around one construction company went into administration every other day in Q1 2023, significantly higher numbers went quietly into liquidation during the same period.
Each week we are seeing stories in the news about construction companies becoming "insolvent", going into "liquidation" or having "administrators" appointed. But what do these terms mean? Insolvency is a complex area of law with its own terminology, so we've broken down what all the terms mean below.
What is insolvency and what happens to a company when it is insolvent?
Bed Bath & Beyond, the home goods retailer, has filed bankruptcy under Chapter 11 and plans to conduct liquidation sales and close all of its brick-and-mortar stores by June 30, as reported by The New York Times. The retailer points to an inability to adjust to the growth of online shopping as a reason for its downfall.
On February 13, 2023, Ultra Petroleum Corporation (“Ultra”) filed a petition for a writ of certiorari with the US Supreme Court seeking review of the Fifth Circuit’s October 2022 ruling that, in solvent-debtor cases, debtors must pay unsecured creditors applicable contractual make-whole premiums and postpetition interest at contractual default rates in order for such unsecured creditors to be considered unimpaired.
In a January 2023 opinion,1 the Southern District of New York Bankruptcy Court overseeing the bankruptcy case of Latin American airline Avianca and certain of its affiliates sanctioned over 150 of the airline’s Brazilian and Columbian creditors who had filed proofs of claim in the bankruptcy case finding t
In a decision likely to have significant impact on certain types of bankruptcy filings going forward, this morning, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals ordered the dismissal of the Chapter 11 bankruptcy case filed by Johnson & Johnson affiliate LTL Management LLC.
Further to our previous article, which can be found here, we consider the key issues with which the Court faced, the technical legal analysis underpinning this judgment and our view on what this may mean for energy suppliers, and the sector as a whole, looking forward.
Background - what was the application and why was it needed?