In chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, it is not uncommon for secured parties/lenders to provide a “carve-out” for various professional fees. Frequently there may be a “carve-out” for “all chapter 11 professionals” or the “carve-out” may be broken out in different amounts for the debtor’s professionals as opposed to, for example, Creditors’ Committee professionals. These “carve-outs” can often be in a Cash Collateral Order (assuming the debtor is using the secured party’s collateral) or in a DIP Order (debtor-in-possession financing). So what does a carve-out mean?

So you are chugging along with a foreclosure action (either on real and/or personal property) only to be stopped in your tracks by the borrower filing a voluntary Chapter 7 bankruptcy petition. The usual, immediate thought is – “better contact our bankruptcy counsel to obtain relief from the automatic stay.” Well, perhaps, or perhaps you might want to contact the Chapter 7 Trustee first (either directly or through your bankruptcy counsel). Why? Maybe the Chapter 7 Trustee would be interested in liquidating that collateral for you though the bankruptcy system.

For secured lenders, a consumer debtor’s chapter 13 bankruptcy filing can be a mixed bag.

It always starts so easy. Borrower comes in and wants to borrow money. Lenders want some form of collateral to secure (potentially) a loan and the Borrower happily agrees to provide, or pledge, collateral to secure a loan. Common examples are the Borrower pledging inventory, equipment or receivables (assuming of course there is no real estate to lien with a mortgage). Lender, either internally, or with outside counsel, prepares the necessary security agreement to document the pledge of collateral. This is generally the description of a secured transaction.

As of December 1, 2015, many of the Official Forms for use in Bankruptcy Courts were updated. The changes were made as part of a forms modernization effort. Among the forms updated was the Official Proof of Claim Form (formerly Form B 10) used to assert a creditor’s claim in a bankruptcy case. The new Proof of Claim Form (Form 410) is particularly worth noting.