When a company is not likely to survive a restructuring, its assets may have value to a third-party buyer. Absent legal protection, a buyer of a financially distressed business will usually be concerned that the company’s creditors could pursue the acquired business on various legal theories, including “successor liability,” and on that basis may decline to purchase assets of such a business.
What do the Dodgers, American Apparel, Rubio’s Fish Tacos, California Pizza Kitchen, MGM Studios, and Pacific Sunwear have in common? Each is an iconic Southern California brand. But that’s not all they have in common. According to statistics, over the last 20 years 143 California based companies having over $32 billion in assets, and over 211,000 employees have filed bankruptcy in Delaware alone. These companies are members of a growing list of California companies that strategically elected to file for bankruptcy outside of California.
Current U.S. bankruptcy law gives companies wide discretion to file a bankruptcy in the venue of their choice. A company can file for bankruptcy in any federal district where it has its “domicile, residence, principal place of business in the United States, or principal assets in the United States” or where an affiliate of the company has a pending bankruptcy case. Often a company whose business primarily is in California will file bankruptcy in another state where it might have a small corporate affiliate.
The United States Supreme Court will hand down its decision in the next few weeks in the case of Wellness Int’l Network, Ltd. v. Sharif (“Wellness”), 727 F.3d 751 (7th Cir. 2013) regarding bankruptcy courts’ jurisdiction. The jurisdictional quagmire is a major and growing virus in the bankruptcy courts, increasing exponentially the costs of bankruptcy litigation. Hopefully the Wellness decision will eventually provide a belated prescription on bankruptcy courts’ jurisdiction, and make us all feel just peachy.
A little background:
Bankruptcy Judge Dennis Montali in San Francisco said last week that he will allow a direct appeal to the Ninth Circuit from one of his rulings in the bankruptcy of Howrey LLP, skipping an intermediate appeal to the U.S. District Court. The judge relied on Jewel v. Boxer — a California state law case which holds that profit earned on unfinished business after dissolution belongs to the “old” firm, not to a newly-formed firm that completed the work.
As we all know, on June 9 of this year, the Supreme Court issued its long awaited decision in Executive Benefits Ins. Agency vs. Arkison, 134 S. Ct. 2165, 189 L. Ed. 2d 83 (2014), which we had hoped would resolve the open questions arising from Stern v. Marshall, 131 S. Ct. 2594, 180 L.Ed 2d 475 (2011).
Filings are Down
On Thursday I published a blog article entitled Will “Wellness Make Us Better?, in which I posed the question of whether or not the U.S. Supreme Court would finally rule on whether or not bankruptcy courts can, in Stern type cases, enter a final judgment with the consent of the parties.