'Chapter 11 bankruptcy', the US insolvency regime, often features in the UK headlines. When Lehman Brothers filed under Chapter 11 in 2008, it marked the start of the global financial crisis. Chapter 11 (which refers to part of the US Bankruptcy Code) is a restructuring tool designed to rescue companies. Its closest UK counterpart is Administration, under Schedule B1 to the Insolvency Act 1986.
The UK Government has announced new laws to enhance the scrutiny and transparency of pre-pack administrations.
What are pre-pack administrations?
A pre-pack administration is when the sale of a distressed company and its assets is negotiated before, or shortly after, the appointment of administrators.
The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act (CIGA) came into force on 26 June 2020 and introduced a number of temporary and permanent reforms, with the aim of supporting businesses and the economy during the pandemic.
The reactivation of wrongful trading rules at the end of last month marks the return of personal liability risk for directors of businesses that continue to trade while on the brink of insolvency.
Corporate Insolvency: Temporary Measures extended
On 29 September 2020, The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (Coronavirus) (Extension of the Relevant Period) Regulations 2020 ("the Regulations") will be laid before Parliament. It is expected that they will be passed without amendment.
The purpose of the Regulations is to extend certain of the temporary measures introduced by The Corporate Insolvency & Governance Act 2020 ("CIGA") to assist companies who are struggling to deal with the economic ramifications of lockdown.
Corporate Insolvency: Temporary Measures extended
From 30 September 2020, The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (Coronavirus) (Extension of the Relevant Period) Regulations 2020 ("the Regulations") are in force.
The purpose of the Regulations is to extend certain of the temporary measures introduced by The Corporate Insolvency & Governance Act 2020 ("CIGA") to assist companies who are struggling to deal with the economic ramifications of COVID-19.
With the Company Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (CIGA 2020) grabbing all the headlines, the Finance Act 2020 (FA 2020), which received Royal Assent on 22 July, has gone somewhat under the radar. However, it has the potential to have an even greater impact on the restructuring market than CIGA 2020.
The two principal measures being brought in are:
The Finance Act received Royal Assent on 22 July 2020, bringing in significant changes for the restructuring market, as well as businesses that become insolvent.
The two principal measures being brought in are:
For years, small business debtors have struggled with the intricacies of Chapter 11, the debt limitations of Chapter 13 and Chapter 7 bankruptcy liquidations. Stringent requirements and procedural hurdles often made restructuring a prohibitively expensive option for many small business debtors. Congress attempted to address these issues with H.R. 3311, the Small Business Reorganization Act (the “SBRA”). The SBRA, which was signed into law on August 23, 2019, creates a new subchapter, Subchapter V, of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code.
In standard building contracts most commonly used in the UK, a party is entitled to terminate the contract if the other party is insolvent (Clause 91 of NEC3 and NEC4 and Clause 8.5 and 8.10 of JCT/SBCC).
The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 provides measures for businesses that are designed to provide temporary reliefs during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as permanent measures for companies in financial difficulty.