The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (the CAA), which President Trump signed into law on December 27, 2020, amends several provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. While a number of the amendments are applicable only to small businesses (e.g., businesses eligible to file under the new small-business subchapter of the Bankruptcy Code and/or businesses eligible to receive PPP loans), several others have more general application, as discussed below.
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Amendments of More General Application
In the United States, in a typical plain vanilla lending arrangement, if a counterparty files for bankruptcy, an automatic stay of enforcement actions is imposed that would prevent a lender from (i) foreclosing on the property of the debtor, (ii) terminating contracts with the debtor, (iii) commencing or continuing certain enforcement actions against the debtor or its property and/or (iv) setting off amounts owed under such arrangements (in each case unless a motion is filed and granted in the related bankruptcy case).
There is no equivalent to the English law concept of trust under French law. This means that where a syndicated loan is to be secured by French obligors, security interests must generally be granted independently to each member of the syndicate (there will be a list of pledgees contained in the security document). Any change to that group of lenders would generally entail the transfer of the French law security to each new lender.
In In re KB Toys Inc.,1 the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the holdings of the lower courts that claims subject to disallowance under Section 502(d) of the Bankruptcy Code are “similarly disallowable in the hands of the subsequent transferee.” According to the Third Circuit, when a creditor owes property to the estate, until that property is returned to the estate, that creditor’s claim, regardless of who holds it, is impaired, and the subsequent sale of that c
The proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (SWD(2012) 416 and SWD(2012) 417) amending Council Regulation (EC) n°1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings aims to extend its scope of application by revising the definition of insolvency proceedings to include the proceedings in which the debtor retains some control albeit subject to the control / supervision by a court / a judicial administrator, including preinsolvency proceedings.
Following a broad consultation, the European Commission presented, on 13 December 2012, its proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Regulation (EC) n°1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings. Ten years after the Regulation's entry into force, the Commission has deemed it necessary to amend it in order to solve difficulties related to its practical implementation.
Decree n°2012-1190 dated 25 October 2012 (JORF n°0251 dated 27 October 2012) issued for the implementation of Law n°2012-346 dated 12 March 2012 sets out the rules for implementing conservatory measures within safeguard, reorganisation or liquidation proceedings.
On May 4, 2012, the Delaware bankruptcy court inIn re KB Toys, Inc., et al. (KB Toys), handed down a thoughtful decision addressing the issue of whether impairments attach to a claim or remain with its seller. The KB Toys court held that “a claim in the hands of a transferee has the same rights and disabilities as the claim had in the hands of the original claimant. Disabilities attach to and travel with the claim.”
Law n°2011-331 dated 28 March 2011 (OJ of 29 March 2011) relating to modernising the legal professions includes the creation of a secure Internet portal aiming at relaxing the formalities related to insolvency. This national portal will allow the sending and reception of legal proceedings documents, including statements of claim.