When an individual files a Chapter 7 bankruptcy case, the debtor’s non-exempt assets become property of the estate that is used to pay creditors. “Property of the estate” is a defined term under the Bankruptcy Code, so a disputed question in many cases is: What assets are, in fact, available to creditors?

After a year in which numerous businesses have relied on various forms of government support to stay afloat, many will be hoping that 2021 offers the chance to emerge from this period and resume some degree of normal trading. Certainly, the coming year will be make-or-break time for those businesses that have been most impacted by the pandemic – and as government assistance is wound back, the demand for working capital funding is likely to be high.

With over a third of hospitality businesses currently at moderate to severe risk of insolvency (according to the most recent ONS survey), many in the sector are urgently considering the best way forward. One strategy, which we have recently seen a number of casual dining businesses like Carluccios and Gourmet Burger Kitchen deploy, is a ‘prepack’ administration. However, although the deals involving household names may grab the headlines, pre-packs are also widely used by small and micro businesses.

On 30 October 2020, the Insolvency Service published its quarterly insolvency statistics for July to September 2020 (Q3 20).

What do the stats say?

On 8 October the Insolvency Service published a report on pre-pack sales in administrations, together with draft regulations imposing a mandatory referral to independent scrutiny in the case of pre-packaged sales to connected parties.

This article, written by Tim Carter and Helen Martin, considers the background to the proposed regulations, their content and their potential impact.

Background

On 29 September 2020 the Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (Coronavirus) (Extension of the Relevant Period) Regulations 2020 came into force. To keep this snippy, we’ll refer to these new Regulations as “CIGAR”.

Why has it been difficult to get a winding-up order?

The Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 (CIGA 2020) came into force on 26 June. Under CIGA 2020, creditors are (currently until 30 September 2020, although the period may be extended) unable to present a winding-up petition on the basis of:

The rapid onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the drastic lockdown restrictions, has left many businesses – particularly those that rely on heavy footfall – in dire financial circumstances.

Businesses are therefore seeking tools to help them weather this storm and light-touch administration is an option that continues to rear its head.

What is it?

Once a Chapter 7 debtor receives a discharge of personal debts, creditors are enjoined from taking action to collect, recover, or offset such debts. However, unlike personal debts, liens held by secured creditors “ride through” bankruptcy. The underlying debt secured by the lien may be extinguished, but as long as the lien is valid it survives the bankruptcy.

Yesterday (30 July), the Insolvency Service published its quarterly insolvency statistics for April to June 2020 (Q2 20).

Some may be surprised to learn that, during these uncertain times, company insolvencies in England and Wales have declined by one-third compared to the same quarter ending June 2019 (Q2 19).

By way of a breakdown, and by comparing Q2 20 with Q2 19, the numbers of: