Egypt struck a deal with the International Monetary Fund to extend the country an $8 billion loan, hours after allowing its currency to float freely and raising interest rates in a surprise bid to win back foreign investors as its economy comes under pressure from the war in Gaza, the Wall Street Journal reported. The Egyptian pound lost about 38% of its value against the U.S. dollar after the currency announcement, despite the Central Bank of Egypt raising key interest rates. The pound last traded at 49 pounds to one U.S. dollar, from about 30 the previous day.

Egypt is mired in a grueling economic crisis that’s left its 105 million-plus people gripped by uncertainty, but one thing seems all but assured: another currency devaluation is likely on the way, according to a Bloomberg commentary. The anticipated move would be the fourth major round of weakening for the Egyptian pound since early 2022 — and potentially the largest yet. Done correctly, it could help bring closer to an end the nation’s worst hard-currency crunch in decades, drawing foreign capital to the $400 billion economy and pulling it back from the brink.

Egypt held interest rates after inflation kept slowing from a record while the government eyes an expanded International Monetary Fund loan and speculation swirls over the timing of a much-awaited currency devaluation, Bloomberg News reported. The central bank left the deposit rate at 19.25% and the lending rate at 20.25%, its Monetary Policy Committee said Thursday. Nine of 13 economists surveyed by Bloomberg correctly predicted the decision, which maintains the benchmark at its highest level in data that stretches back to 2006.

The International Monetary Fund said it is in ongoing discussions with Egypt's government on additional financing as part of a current program, the Fund´s spokesperson Julie Kozack said in a press conference on Thursday, Reuters reported. "The exact size of financing is part of the ongoing discussions that IMF staff is having with the Egyptian authorities," Kozack added.

International Monetary Fund Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva told Reuters on Friday the Fund was "seriously considering" a possible augmentation of Egypt's $3 billion loan program due to economic difficulties posed by the Israel-Hamas war, Reuters reported.

The European Union is trying to speed up efforts to deepen its relationship with Egypt and help the country address the growing fallout from the Israel-Hamas conflict on its border, Bloomberg News reported. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen is planning to visit Cairo soon to advance efforts to support Egypt’s economic development and cushion the impact of the ongoing crisis, people familiar with the matter said.

Egyptian inflation eased from a record high to its lowest level in four months ahead of December’s presidential elections, Bloomberg News reported. Price growth in urban parts of Egypt slowed to an annual 35.8% in October, from 38% the month before, according to figures released Saturday by the state-run statistics agency. It’s the lowest rate since June, according to Bloomberg calculations. On a monthly basis, inflation slowed to 1% from 2% in September.

Egypt was downgraded for the second time this month, as the North African nation struggles with a severe shortage of hard currency, Bloomberg News reported. S&P Global Ratings, cut the country’s debt deeper into junk territory, to B- from B, albeit with a stable outlook. The decision puts the country on par with nations such as Bolivia, Angola and Iraq. The move follows that of Moody’s Investors Service, which lowered Egypt one level to Caa1 in early October, triggered a further sell-off of Egyptian bonds. S&P’s rating for Egypt is now one notch above that of Moody’s.

Egypt was downgraded further into junk territory by S&P Global Ratings, as the North African nation struggles with a severe shortage of hard currency, Bloomberg News reported. S&P cut the country’s debt to B- from B, with a stable outlook, the ratings company said in a statement. The decision puts the country on par with nations like Bolivia, Angola and Iraq. “The downgrade reflects the recurring delays to the implementation of monetary and structural reforms,” S&P said.

Egypt expects to borrow at least $1.5 billion before the end of this year, Finance Minister Mohamed Maait said, largely by looking to tap Asian capital markets as part of debt issuance guaranteed by development institutions, Bloomberg News reported. The plans include $500 million in what would be Egypt’s debut panda bonds and its second sale of Samurai debt worth the same amount, Maait told Bloomberg News in an interview in Marrakech, where he’s attending the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.