Kenya’s central bank surprised financial markets by cutting its benchmark interest rate for the first time since early 2020, providing some respite to consumers who have become increasingly frustrated by the high cost of living, Bloomberg News reported. The monetary policy committee lowered the key rate to 12.75% from 13%, Governor Kamau Thugge said in an emailed statement Tuesday. Only one of nine economists in a Bloomberg survey predicted the move. Yields on government bonds due 2031 eased 4 basis points to 11.55% by 6:51 pm in Nairobi, the first drop after three consecutive days of gains.

South African municipalities owe Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd. a total of 82.3 billion rand ($4.5 billion) in arrears, which the embattled state power utility is struggling to collect, Bloomberg News reported. Eskom supplies electricity to the municipalities, which in turn sell it on to households and businesses — and both have seen a rapid rise in outstanding debts.

Ethiopia has earmarked several billion dollars to cushion the cost-of-living impact of economic reforms being implemented to win support from the International Monetary Fund, Bloomberg News reported. It plans 550 billion birr ($5.9 billion) in additional spending, of which 40% will go into food, fuel and fertilizer subsidies, as well as increasing salaries for government workers, according to Eyob Tekalign Tolina, state minister in the finance ministry. “The government has prepared a big package for social spending,” Eyob said in an interview with Bloomberg TV’s Jennifer Zabasajja.

Ethiopia needs about $3.5 billion in relief from debt restructuring through 2027-28, according to the International Monetary Fund, setting the key parameters for creditors to negotiate deals with the government, Bloomberg News reported. Overall, Africa’s second-most populous nation faces a financing gap of more than $20 billion over the period, the Washington-based lender said this week in a report outlining its $3.4 billion economic program. That reduces to $10.7 billion after actions including proceeds from privatization processes and an existing debt suspension with creditors, it said.

Ethiopia’s defaulted international bond jumped after the International Monetary Fund agreed to lend the country $3.4 billion over four years as part of an economic reform program, a key step that’s also expected to ease negotiations with creditors on restructuring its debt, Bloomberg News reported. The decision will allow the immediate disbursement of about $1 billion, the fund said in a statement on Monday announcing the loan. The IMF funds are part of about $10.7 billion that eastern Africa’s biggest economy expects from creditors through loans, grants and debt re-profiling.

South Africa is getting closer to publishing long-awaited changes to its financial rules and has earmarked over-the-counter derivatives for greater scrutiny, alongside unlisted financial market activity, Bloomberg News reported. Regulators have been undertaking a financial market review for several years and “are at the point where we are able to put through some of those recommendations,” said Financial Sector Conduct Authority Executive Director Olano Makhubela.

Mozambique won a fraud case over a $2 billion bond scandal that embroiled Credit Suisse and created a financial crisis for the southern African nation, Bloomberg News reported. After a three month trial, a London judge ruled that Mozambique was defrauded in a controversial maritime project meant to finance the construction of a new coastal patrol and a tuna fishing fleet. The government-backed fundraising was plagued by corrupt deals, with hundreds of millions of dollars looted, while much of the debt was kept hidden from bondholders and other lenders.

Ethiopia’s central bank allowed the nation’s currency to trade freely, a key reform needed to secure more than $10 billion of funding and debt relief it’s been negotiating with the International Monetary Fund. The birr plunged. The National Bank of Ethiopia permitted banks to buy and sell foreign currency at freely negotiated rates, according to a directive on its website, Bloomberg News reported.

Ethiopia’s official creditors have granted financing assurances to the country to help fast-track approval of a new loan by the International Monetary Fund’s executive board, Bloomberg News reported. Members of an official creditor committee held a meeting last week to approve the financing assurances, according to two of the people, who asked not to be named because the talks are private. Financing assurances mean that bilateral creditors such as the Paris Club and China provided certainty that they will restructure their loans to Ethiopia in a way that’s consistent with the fund’s program.

Zambia’s proposed ban on charging foreign currency in local transactions — punishable with 10-year jail terms — might defeat its own purpose, according to the International Monetary Fund, Bloomberg News reported. The central bank of Africa’s second-biggest copper producer in June unveiled the plans to curb increasing dollarization in the economy that it said blunts its tools to fight inflation. Businesses have already pushed-back on proposed regulations calling them “punitive” and warning that they may actually fuel price growth.